| Artigo em conferência |
- AFONSO, A; FURCERI, D. "EMU enlargement, stabilization costs and insurance mechanisms". 2008.
10.1016/j.jimonfin.2007.12.010
|
| Artigo em revista |
- António Afonso; Hugo Morão. "Commonalities and heterogeneity in the Iberian business cycle". The Journal of Economic Asymmetries
(2024): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeca.2024.e00375.
10.1016/j.jeca.2024.e00375
- António Afonso; Eduardo de Sá Fortes Leitão Rodrigues; Afonso, A.; de Sá Fortes Leitão Rodrigues, E.. "Consumption patterns
of indebted households: unravelling the relevance of fiscal policy". International Journal of Economic Policy Studies
(2024): https://doi.org/10.1007/s42495-024-00141-3.
10.1007/s42495-024-00141-3
- António Afonso; José Alves; Krzysztof Beck; Karen Jackson. "Financial, institutional, and macroeconomic determinants of cross-country
portfolio equity flows: The case of developed countries". Economic Modelling (2024): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2024.106902.
10.1016/j.econmod.2024.106902
- António Afonso; Florence Huart; João Tovar Jalles; Piotr Stanek. "Determinants and international transmission of interest
rates: Do foreign reserves and sovereign debt matter?". Review of International Economics (2024): https://doi.org/10.1111/roie.12776.
10.1111/roie.12776
- António Afonso; João Tovar Jalles; Ana Venâncio. "Fiscal decentralization and public sector efficiency: Do natural disasters
matter?". Economic Modelling (2024): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2024.106763.
10.1016/j.econmod.2024.106763
- António Afonso; José Alves; Sofia Monteiro; Alves, J.; Afonso, A.; Monteiro, S.. "Sovereign risk dynamics in the EU: The time
varying relevance of fiscal and external (im)balances*". Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money
(2024): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intfin.2024.102026.
10.1016/j.intfin.2024.102026
- António Afonso; João Tovar Jalles; Ana Venâncio. "A tale of government spending efficiency and trust in the state". Public
Choice (2024): https://doi.org/10.1007/s11127-024-01144-6.
10.1007/s11127-024-01144-6
- António Afonso; José Carlos Coelho. "Fiscal sustainability, fiscal reactions, pitfalls and determinants". Applied Economics
(2024): https://doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2024.2337808.
10.1080/00036846.2024.2337808
- António Afonso; José Alves; José Carlos Coelho; Afonso, A.; Alves, J.; Coelho, J.C.. "Determinants of the degree of fiscal
sustainability". International Journal of Finance & Economics (2024): https://doi.org/10.1002/ijfe.2960.
10.1002/ijfe.2960
- António Afonso; José Carlos Coelho; Afonso, A.; Coelho, J.. "Drivers of fiscal sustainability: A time-varying analysis for
Portugal". International Economics (2024): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inteco.2024.100486.
10.1016/j.inteco.2024.100486
- Afonso, A.; Sousa, A.. "Monetary and fiscal interplay: Does it work both ways?". Economic Systems (2024): http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85184067552&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1016/j.ecosys.2024.101188
- Afonso, A.; Mignon, V.; Saadaoui, J.. "On the time-varying impact of China's bilateral political relations on its trading
partners: “Doux commerce” or “trade follows the flag”?". China Economic Review 85 (2024): http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85192147150&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1016/j.chieco.2024.102184
- Afonso, A.; Blanco-Arana, M.C.. "The Nexus between Economic Freedom and Economic Growth in the Least Developed Countries.
An Empirical Analysis for the Period of 2000-2021". Finance a Uver - Czech Journal of Economics and Finance 74 2 (2024):
191-220. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85194389906&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.32065/CJEF.2024.02.02
- Afonso, A.; Alves, J.; Monteiro, S.. "Banks’ portfolio of government debt and sovereign risk: From safe havens to stormy seas".
Finance Research Letters 70 (2024): http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85207154625&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1016/j.frl.2024.106277
- António Afonso; Gabriela Baquero Fraga. "Government spending efficiency in Latin America". Empirica (2023): https://doi.org/10.1007/s10663-023-09599-4.
10.1007/s10663-023-09599-4
- António Afonso; M. Carmen Blanco-Arana. "Unemployment and Financial Development: Evidence for OECD Countries". Comparative
Economic Studies (2023): https://doi.org/10.1057/s41294-023-00227-5.
10.1057/s41294-023-00227-5
- António Afonso; José Carlos Coelho. "Fiscal and current account imbalances: The cases of Germany and Portugal". The World
Economy (2023): https://doi.org/10.1111/twec.13528.
10.1111/twec.13528
- António Afonso; Cristina Badarau; Camélia Turcu. "Introduction to INFER special issue on “new aspects of economic and financial
integration”". The World Economy (2023): https://doi.org/10.1111/twec.13517.
10.1111/twec.13517
- António Afonso; José Carlos Coelho. "Public finances solvency in the Euro Area". Economic Analysis and Policy (2023):
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eap.2022.12.027.
10.1016/j.eap.2022.12.027
- Afonso, A.; Alves, J.. "Does government spending efficiency improve fiscal sustainability?". European Journal of Political
Economy (2023): http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85163193944&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2023.102403
- Afonso, A.; Jalles, J.T.; Venter, Z.. "Minimum wage and collective bargaining shocks: A narrative database for advanced economies".
IZA Journal of Labor Policy 13 1 (2023): http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85166401286&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.2478/izajolp-2023-0001
- António Afonso; Philemon Kwame Opoku. "The nexus between fiscal and current account imbalances in OECD economies". Applied
Economics (2022): https://doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2022.2097188.
10.1080/00036846.2022.2097188
- Afonso, António; Coelho, José Carlos. "Current Account targeting hypothesis versus twin deficit hypothesis: the European Monetary
Union experience of Portugal". Cuadernos Económicos de ICE 103 (2022): http://dx.doi.org/10.32796/cice.2022.103.7468.
10.32796/cice.2022.103.7468
- António Afonso; Emanuel Reis Leão; Dilson Tiny; Diptes C. P. Bhimjee. "Sustentabilidade Fiscal nas Economias PALOP". Notas
Económicas (2022): https://doi.org/10.14195/2183-203X_54_3.
10.14195/2183-203X_54_3
- António Afonso; M. Carmen Blanco-Arana. "Financial and economic development in the context of the global 2008-09 financial
crisis". International Economics (2022): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inteco.2021.11.006.
10.1016/j.inteco.2021.11.006
- Afonso, A.; Reimers, M.. "Does the introduction of stock exchange markets boost economic growth in African countries?". Journal
of Comparative Economics (2022): http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85123695172&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1016/j.jce.2022.01.006
- Afonso, A.; Tovar Jalles, J.; Venâncio, A.. "Do financial markets reward government spending efficiency?". Journal of International
Financial Markets, Institutions and Money 77 (2022): http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85123921131&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1016/j.intfin.2022.101505
- Afonso, A.; Alves, J.; Jalles, J.T.. "The (non-)Keynesian effects of fiscal austerity: New evidence from a large sample".
Economic Systems (2022): http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85129978232&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1016/j.ecosys.2022.100981
- Afonso, A.; Coelho, J.C.. "The role of fiscal policies for external imbalances: Evidence from the European Union". Economic
Systems (2022): http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85129923013&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1016/j.ecosys.2022.100985
- Afonso, A.; Carvalho, F.T.. "Time-varying cyclicality of fiscal policy: The case of the Euro area". North American Journal
of Economics and Finance 62 (2022): http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85135166397&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1016/j.najef.2022.101778
- Afonso, A; Alves, J; Jalles, JT. "To consolidate or not to consolidate? A multi-step analysis to assess needed fiscal sustainability".
International Economics (2022):
10.1016/j.inteco.2022.09.005
- António Afonso; Eduardo de Sá Fortes Leitão Rodrigues. "Corruption and economic growth: does the size of the government matter?".
Economic Change and Restructuring (2021): https://doi.org/10.1007/s10644-021-09338-4.
10.1007/s10644-021-09338-4
- António Afonso; Maria João Guedes; Pankaj C. Patel; Afonso, A.; Guedes, M.J.; Patel, P.C.. "Labour Productivity in State-Owned
Enterprises". Comparative Economic Studies (2021): https://doi.org/10.1057/s41294-021-00148-1.
10.1057/s41294-021-00148-1
- Afonso, A.; Jalles, J.T.; Venâncio, A.. "Taxation and Public Spending Efficiency: An International Comparison". Comparative
Economic Studies (2021): http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85104540613&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1057/s41294-021-00147-2
- Afonso, A.; Alves, J.; Jalles, J.. "Economic and Financial Adjustments in Europe: An Introduction". Comparative Economic
Studies (2021): http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85111619463&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1057/s41294-021-00164-1
- Afonso, António; Jalles, Joao Tovar. "Fiscal Reaction Functions in the EU: A Tale of ¿r-g¿ and Whether it Matters.". Revue
française d'économie XXXVI (2021): 65-101. https://www.cairn.info/revue-francaise-d-economie-2021-3-page-65.htm.
Publicado
- António Afonso; Mina Kazemi. "Sovereign bond yield spreads spillovers in the Economic and Monetary Union". International
Journal of Finance & Economics (2020): https://doi.org/10.1002/ijfe.2290.
10.1002/ijfe.2290
- António Afonso; Frederico Silva Leal. "Fiscal episodes in the Economic and Monetary Union: Elasticities and non-Keynesian
effects". International Journal of Finance & Economics (2020): https://doi.org/10.1002/ijfe.2169.
10.1002/ijfe.2169
- Afonso, A.; Jalles, J.T.. "Stock flow adjustments in sovereign debt dynamics: The role of fiscal frameworks". International
Review of Economics and Finance 65 (2020): 1-16. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85072634930&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1016/j.iref.2019.09.007
- Afonso, A.; Cerqueira, P.; Stoian, A.. "Fiscal Policy in Europe: An Introduction". Comparative Economic Studies (2020):
http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85089070164&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1057/s41294-020-00132-1
- Afonso, A; Jalles, JT; Kazemi, M. "The effects of macroeconomic, fiscal and monetary policy announcements on sovereign bond
spreads". INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF LAW AND ECONOMICS (2020):
10.1016/j.irle.2020.105924
- António Afonso; João Tovar Jalles; Afonso, A.; Jalles, J.T.. "Sovereign indebtedness and financial and fiscal conditions".
Applied Economics Letters (2019): https://doi.org/10.1080/13504851.2019.1707758.
10.1080/13504851.2019.1707758
- António Afonso; Ana Venâncio. "Local territorial reform and regional spending efficiency". Local Government Studies
(2019): https://doi.org/10.1080/03003930.2019.1690995.
10.1080/03003930.2019.1690995
- José Alves; António Afonso. "Tax structure for consumption and income inequality: an empirical assessment". SERIEs
(2019): https://doi.org/10.1007/s13209-019-00202-3.
10.1007/s13209-019-00202-3
- António Afonso; Yasfir Ibraimo. "The macroeconomic effects of public debt: an empirical analysis of Mozambique". Applied
Economics (2019): https://doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2019.1644445.
10.1080/00036846.2019.1644445
- António Afonso; José Alves; Raquel Balhote. "Interactions between monetary and fiscal policies". Journal of Applied Economics
(2019): https://doi.org/10.1080/15140326.2019.1583309.
10.1080/15140326.2019.1583309
- Afonso, A.; Jalles, J.T.. "Fiscal Rules and Government Financing Costs". Fiscal Studies (2019): http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85061325873&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1111/1475-5890.12182
- Afonso, A.; Jalles, J.T.. "A Note on Inflation Dynamics, Price Volatility, and Fiscal Activism". Macroeconomic Dynamics
(2019): http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85062022216&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1017/S1365100518000688
- Afonso, A.; Jalles, J.T.; António Afonso; João Tovar Jalles; Depeco; Afonso, António; Jalles, João Tovar. "The Fiscal consequences
of deflation: Evidence from the Golden Age of Globalization". Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance (2019): http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85064498775&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1016/j.qref.2019.01.016
- Afonso, A.; Leal, F.S.. "Fiscal multipliers in the Eurozone: an SVAR analysis". Applied Economics (2019): http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85065844183&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1080/00036846.2019.1616068
- Afonso, A.; Silva, J.. "Effects of euro area monetary policy on institutional sectors: The case of Portugal". Cuadernos
de Economia 42 120 (2019): 219-236. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85066313779&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.32826/cude.v42i120.81
- Afonso, A.; Jalles, J.T.. "Fiscal reaction functions across the world: In quest of statistical (in)significance". FinanzArchiv
75 3 (2019): 207-228. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85075334109&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1628/fa-2018-0023
- Afonso, A.; Huart, F.; Jalles, J.T.; Stanek, P.. "Long-run relationship between exports and imports: current account sustainability
tests for the EU". Portuguese Economic Journal (2019): http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85077031601&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1007/s10258-019-00168-x
- Afonso, A.; Schuknecht, L.. "How “big” should government be?". Economics and Business Letters 8 2 (2019): 85-96. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85079840672&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.17811/ebl.8.2.2019.85-96
- Afonso, A; Jalles, JT. "Sovereign Ratings and Finance Ministers' Characteristics". ECONOMICS BULLETIN (2019):
- António Afonso; João Tovar Jalles. "Quantitative Easing and Sovereign Yield Spreads: Euro-Area Time-Varying Evidence". Journal
of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money (2018): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intfin.2018.10.003.
10.1016/j.intfin.2018.10.003
- António Afonso; Miguel St. Aubyn. "Economic growth, public, and private investment returns in 17 OECD economies". Portuguese
Economic Journal (2018): https://doi.org/10.1007/s10258-018-0143-7.
10.1007/s10258-018-0143-7
- Afonso, Antonio; Silva, Jorge. "Debt crisis and 10-year sovereign yields in Ireland and in Portugal". Applied Economics
Letters 25 4 (2018): 217-222. http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=ORCID&SrcApp=OrcidOrg&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=WOS:000429626200001&KeyUID=WOS:000429626200001.
10.1080/13504851.2017.1310991
- Afonso, Antonio; Baxa, Jaromir; Slavik, Michal. "Fiscal developments and financial stress: a threshold VAR analysis". Empirical
Economics 54 2 (2018): 395-423. http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=ORCID&SrcApp=OrcidOrg&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=WOS:000425952000004&KeyUID=WOS:000425952000004.
10.1007/s00181-016-1210-5
- Afonso, Antonio; Kazemi, Mina; Afonso, A.; Kazemi, M.. "Euro Area Sovereign Yields and the Power of Unconventional Monetary
Policy". Finance a Uver-Czech Journal of Economics and Finance 68 2 (2018): 100-119. http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=ORCID&SrcApp=OrcidOrg&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=WOS:000432560200001&KeyUID=WOS:000432560200001.
10.2139/ssrn.3001682
- Afonso, A.; Jalles, J.T.; Afonso, António; Jalles, João Tovar. "Economic volatility and sovereign yields? determinants: a
time-varying approach". Empirical Economics (2018): http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85051527988&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1007/s00181-018-1540-6
- Afonso, António; Afonso, A.; Gonçalves, L.. "The policy mix in the US and EMU: Evidence from a SVAR analysis". North American
Journal of Economics and Finance (2018): http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85052947660&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1016/j.najef.2018.08.023
- Afonso, A.; Huart, F.; Jalles, J.T.; Stanek, P.; Stanek, P.L.. "Assessing the sustainability of external imbalances in the
European Union". World Economy (2018): http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85052804624&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1111/twec.12709
- Afonso, A.; Alves, J.. "Short and long-term interest rate risk: The sovereign balance-sheet nexus". Finance Research Letters
(2018): http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85057397226&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1016/j.frl.2018.11.014
- António Afonso; João Tovar Jalles. "Euro area time-varying fiscal sustainability". International Journal of Finance & Economics
22 3 (2017): 244-254. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijfe.1582.
10.1002/ijfe.1582
- Afonso, A.; Tovar Jalles, J.. "Sovereign Debt Composition and Time-Varying Public Finance Sustainability". North American
Journal of Economics and Finance 42 (2017): 144-155. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85030472758&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1016/j.najef.2017.07.008
- Afonso, A.; Silva, J.; Afonso, António; Silva, Jorge. "Current account balance cyclicality". Applied Economics Letters
24 13 (2017): 911-917. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84990877438&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1080/13504851.2016.1240333
- Afonso, A.; Jalles, J.T.. "Fiscal Episodes and Market Power". Open Economies Review 28 2 (2017): 233-250. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84991058617&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1007/s11079-016-9419-7
- Afonso, Antonio; Silva, Jorge; Afonso, A.; Silva, J.; Afonso, António. "Determinants of nonresident government debt ownership".
Applied Economics Letters 24 2 (2017): 107-112. http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=ORCID&SrcApp=OrcidOrg&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=CCC&KeyUT=CCC:000387294700009&KeyUID=CCC:000387294700009.
10.1080/13504851.2016.1167818
- Afonso, Antonio; Alves, Jose; Afonso, António; Alves, José. "Reconsidering Wagner's law: evidence from the functions of the
government". Applied Economics Letters 24 5 (2017): 346-350. http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=ORCID&SrcApp=OrcidOrg&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=WOS:000390393700013&KeyUID=WOS:000390393700013.
10.1080/13504851.2016.1192267
- Afonso, Antonio; Jalles, Joao Tovar; Afonso, A.; Jalles, J.T.. "The Price Relevance of Fiscal Developments". International
Economic Journal 31 1 (2017): 36-50. http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=ORCID&SrcApp=OrcidOrg&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=KJD&KeyUT=KJD:ART002209985&KeyUID=KJD:ART002209985.
10.1080/10168737.2016.1227348
- Afonso, Antonio; Jalles, Joao Tovar; Afonso, António; Jalles, João Tovar. "Budgetary decomposition and yield spreads". Applied
Economics Letters 23 15 (2016): 1093-1098. http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=ORCID&SrcApp=OrcidOrg&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=WOS:000382546900011&KeyUID=WOS:000382546900011.
10.1080/13504851.2015.1136390
- Afonso, Antonio; Jalles, Joao Tovar; Afonso, A.; Jalles, J.T.. "Economic performance, government size, and institutional quality".
Empirica 43 1 (2016): 83-109. http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=ORCID&SrcApp=OrcidOrg&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=CCC&KeyUT=CCC:000368998600004&KeyUID=CCC:000368998600004.
10.1007/s10663-015-9294-2
- Afonso, Antonio; Jalles, Joao Tovar; Afonso, António; Jalles, João Tovar. "Markups' cyclical behaviour: the role of demand
and supply shocks". Applied Economics Letters 23 1 (2016): 1-5. http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=ORCID&SrcApp=OrcidOrg&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=WOS:000362699400001&KeyUID=WOS:000362699400001.
10.1080/13504851.2015.1044640
- Afonso, Antonio; Venancio, Ana. "The relevance of commuting zones for regional spending efficiency". Applied Economics
48 10 (2016): 865-877. http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=ORCID&SrcApp=OrcidOrg&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=WOS:000365899900003&KeyUID=WOS:000365899900003.
10.1080/00036846.2015.1088145
- Afonso, A.; Martins, L.; Afonso, António; Martins, Luís. "Monetary Developments and Expansionary Fiscal Consolidations: Evidence
from the EMU". International Journal of Finance and Economics 21 3 (2016): 247-265. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84952001139&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1002/ijfe.1544
- Afonso, A.; Jalles, J.T.. "The elusive character of fiscal sustainability". Applied Economics 48 28 (2016): 2651-2664.
http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84953259520&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1080/00036846.2015.1128074
- Ramzi, S.; Afonso, A.; Ayadi, M.; Afonso, António; Ayadi, Mohamed; Ramzi, Sourour. "Assessment of efficiency in basic and
secondary education in Tunisia: A regional analysis". International Journal of Educational Development 51 (2016): 62-76.
http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84984704883&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1016/j.ijedudev.2016.08.003
- Afonso, A.; Arghyrou, M.; Dufrénot, G.. "Economics and financial adjustments in Europe". Economic Modelling 44 (2015):
317-318. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84914165917&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1016/S0264-9993(14)00442-8
- Afonso, A.; Arghyrou, M.G.; Bagdatoglou, G.; Kontonikas, A.. "On the time-varying relationship between EMU sovereign spreads
and their determinants". Economic Modelling 44 (2015): 363-371. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84914115051&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1016/j.econmod.2014.07.025
- Afonso, Antonio; Alves, Jose. "The Role of Government Debt in Economic Growth". Hacienda Publica Espanola-Review of Public
Economics 215 (2015): 9-26. http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=ORCID&SrcApp=OrcidOrg&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=WOS:000376124000001&KeyUID=WOS:000376124000001.
10.7866/HPE-RPE.15.4.1
- Afonso, Antonio; Silva, Jorge; Afonso, A.. "The track record of fiscal forecasting in the EU". Economics Bulletin 35
2 (2015): 1318-1329. http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=ORCID&SrcApp=OrcidOrg&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=WOS:000360197700047&KeyUID=WOS:000360197700047.
- Afonso, Antonio; Jalles, Joao Tovar. "How Does Fiscal Policy Affect Investment? Evidence from a Large Panel". International
Journal of Finance & Economics 20 4 (2015): 310-327. http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=ORCID&SrcApp=OrcidOrg&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=WOS:000362724600002&KeyUID=WOS:000362724600002.
10.1002/ijfe.1518
- Afonso, Alexandre; Zartaloudis, Sotirios; Papadopoulos, Yannis. "How party linkages shape austerity politics: clientelism
and fiscal adjustment in Greece and Portugal during the eurozone crisis". Journal of European Public Policy 22 3 (2015):
315-334. http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=ORCID&SrcApp=OrcidOrg&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=WOS:000349783100002&KeyUID=WOS:000349783100002.
10.1080/13501763.2014.964644
- Afonso, Antonio; Rault, Christophe. "Multi-step analysis of public finances sustainability". Economic Modelling 48
(2015): 199-209. http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=ORCID&SrcApp=OrcidOrg&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=WOS:000356757700016&KeyUID=WOS:000356757700016.
10.1016/j.econmod.2014.10.011
- Afonso, Antonio; Guimaraes, Ana Sofia. "The relevance of fiscal rules for fiscal and sovereign yield developments". Applied
Economics Letters 22 11 (2015): 920-924. http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=ORCID&SrcApp=OrcidOrg&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=WOS:000353504200014&KeyUID=WOS:000353504200014.
10.1080/13504851.2014.987912
- Afonso, A.; Rault, C.. "Short- and long-run behaviour of long-term sovereign bond yields". Applied Economics 47 37
(2015): 3971-3993. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84929946343&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1080/00036846.2015.1023940
- Afonso, A.; Jalles, J.T.; Afonso, Antonio; Jalles, Joao Tovar. "Fiscal sustainability: a panel assessment for advanced economies".
Applied Economics Letters 22 11 (2015): 925-929. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84928624516&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1080/13504851.2014.987913
- Afonso, Antonio; Nunes, Ana Sofia. "Economic forecasts and sovereign yields". Economic Modelling 44 (2015): 319-326.
http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=ORCID&SrcApp=OrcidOrg&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=WOS:000347741600034&KeyUID=WOS:000347741600034.
10.1016/j.econmod.2014.03.012
- Afonso, A.; Jalles, J.T.. "A longer-run perspective on fiscal sustainability". Empirica 41 4 (2014): 821-847. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84889038094&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1007/s10663-013-9240-0
- Afonso, A.; Jalles, J.T.. "Assessing fiscal episodes". Economic Modelling 37 (2014): 255-270. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84890175486&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1016/j.econmod.2013.10.035
- Afonso, A.; Jalles, J.T.. "Causality for the government budget and economic growth". Applied Economics Letters 21 17
(2014): 1198-1201. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84909975061&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1080/13504851.2014.916383
- Afonso, A.; Jalles, J.T.; Afonso, Antonio; Jalles, Joao Tovar. "Fiscal composition and long-term growth". Applied Economics
46 3 (2014): 349-358. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84886830250&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1080/00036846.2013.848030
- Afonso, Antonio; Gomes, Pedro. "Interactions between private and public sector wages". Journal of Macroeconomics 39
(2014): 97-112. http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=ORCID&SrcApp=OrcidOrg&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=WOS:000336775300007&KeyUID=WOS:000336775300007.
10.1016/j.jmacro.2013.12.003
- Afonso, Antonio; Arghyrou, Michael G.; Kontonikas, Alexandros. "PRICING SOVEREIGN BOND RISK IN THE EUROPEAN MONETARY UNION
AREA: AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION". International Journal of Finance & Economics 19 1 (2014): 49-56. http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=ORCID&SrcApp=OrcidOrg&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=WOS:000331699900007&KeyUID=WOS:000331699900007.
10.1002/ijfe.1484
- Afonso, Antonio; Gomes, Pedro; Taamouti, Abderrahim. "Sovereign credit ratings, market volatility, and financial gains". Computational
Statistics & Data Analysis 76 (2014): 20-33. http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=ORCID&SrcApp=OrcidOrg&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=WOS:000337771800003&KeyUID=WOS:000337771800003.
10.1016/j.csda.2013.09.028
- Afonso, A.; Jalles, J.T.; Afonso, António; Jalles, João Tovar. "Do fiscal rules matter for growth?". Applied Economics
Letters 20 1 (2013): 34-40. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84861569726&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1080/13504851.2012.674198
- Afonso, A.; Costa, L.F.; Afonso, António; Costa, Luís F.. "Market power and fiscal policy in OECD countries". Applied Economics
45 32 (2013): 4509-4519. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84879444061&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1080/00036846.2013.795275
- Afonso, A.; St. Aubyn, M.; Afonso, António; St. Aubyn, Miguel. "Public and private inputs in aggregate production and growth:
A cross-country efficiency approach". Applied Economics 45 32 (2013): 4487-4502. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84896938185&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1080/00036846.2013.791018
- Afonso, Antonio; Jalles, Joao Tovar; Afonso, António; Jalles, João Tovar. "The cyclicality of education, health, and social
security government spending". Applied Economics Letters 20 7 (2013): 669-672. http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=ORCID&SrcApp=OrcidOrg&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=WOS:000312455300011&KeyUID=WOS:000312455300011.
10.1080/13504851.2012.730125
- Afonso, A.; Jalles, J.T.; Afonso, António; Jalles, João Tovar. "Measuring the success of fiscal consolidations". Applied
Financial Economics 22 13 (2012): 1053-1061. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84859313592&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1080/09603107.2011.637894
- Afonso, A.; Jalles, J.T.. "Fiscal volatility, financial crises and growth". Applied Economics Letters 19 18 (2012):
1821-1826. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84861163398&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1080/13504851.2012.667531
- Afonso, A.; Martins, M.M.F.. "Level, slope, curvature of the sovereign yield curve, and fiscal behaviour". Journal of Banking
and Finance 36 6 (2012): 1789-1807. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84859646372&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1016/j.jbankfin.2012.02.004
- Afonso, Antonio; Sousa, Ricardo M.; Afonso, António. "The macroeconomic effects of fiscal policy". Applied Economics
44 34 (2012): 4439-4454. http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=ORCID&SrcApp=OrcidOrg&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=WOS:000301545600003&KeyUID=WOS:000301545600003.
10.1080/00036846.2011.591732
- Afonso, Antonio; Furceri, Davide; Gomes, Pedro. "Sovereign credit ratings and financial markets linkages: Application to European
data". Journal of International Money and Finance 31 3 (2012): 606-638. http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=ORCID&SrcApp=OrcidOrg&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=WOS:000302039200010&KeyUID=WOS:000302039200010.
10.1016/j.jimonfin.2012.01.016
- Afonso, A.; Gomes, P.; Afonso, António; Gomes, Pedro. "Do fiscal imbalances deteriorate sovereign debt ratings?". Revue
Economique 62 6 (2011): 1123-1134. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84856855180&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.3917/reco.626.1123
- Afonso, A.; Sousa, R.M.. "The macroeconomic effects of fiscal policy in Portugal: A Bayesian SVAR analysis". Portuguese
Economic Journal 10 1 (2011): 61-82. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-79953024848&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1007/s10258-011-0071-2
- Afonso, A.; Sousa, R.M.. "What are the effects of fiscal policy on asset markets?". Economic Modelling 28 4 (2011):
1871-1890. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-79956207125&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1016/j.econmod.2011.03.018
- Afonso, A.; St. Aubyn, M.. "Assessing health efficiency across countries with a two-step and bootstrap analysis". Applied
Economics Letters 18 15 (2011): 1427-1430. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-79961048423&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1080/13504851.2010.541149
- Afonso, A.; Alegre, J.G.; Afonso, António; Gonzalez Alegre, Juan; González Alegre, Juan. "Economic growth and budgetary components:
A panel assessment for the EU". Empirical Economics 41 3 (2011): 703-723. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-80955157444&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1007/s00181-010-0400-9
- Afonso, A; Gomes, P; Rother, P. "SHORT- AND LONG-RUN DETERMINANTS OF SOVEREIGN DEBT CREDIT RATINGS". International Journal
of Finance & Economics 16 1 (2011): 1-15. http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=ORCID&SrcApp=OrcidOrg&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=WOS:000285398500001&KeyUID=WOS:000285398500001.
10.1002/ijfe.416
- Afonso, A.; Jalles, J.. "Appraising fiscal reaction functions". Economics Bulletin 31 4 (2011): 3320-3330. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84855300114&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
- Afonso, António; Sousa, Ricardo M.. "The macroeconomic effects of fiscal policy in portugal : a bayesian SVAR analysis". (2011):
http://hdl.handle.net/1822/11966.
Acesso aberto • 10.1007/s10258-011-0071-2
- Afonso, António; Sousa, Ricardo M.. "What are the effects of fiscal policy on asset markets?". (2011): http://hdl.handle.net/1822/12847.
10.1016/j.econmod.2011.03.018
- Afonso, A.; Claeys, P.; Sousa, R.M.. "Fiscal regime shifts in Portugal". Portuguese Economic Journal 10 2 (2011): 83-108.
http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-79960294155&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1007/s10258-010-0065-5
- Afonso, A.; Sousa, R.M.; Agnello, L.; Furceri, D.. "Assessing long-term fiscal developments: Evidence from Portugal". Applied
Economics Letters 18 1 (2011): 1-5. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-78650555407&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1080/13504850903425090
- Rault, C.; Afonso, A.. "Long-run determinants of sovereign yields". Economics Bulletin 31 1 (2011): 367-374. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-79952342884&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
Afonso, António e Christopher Rault. 2010. "Short and long-run behaviour of long-term sovereign bond yields". Instituto Superior
de Economia e Gestão. DE Working papers ; nº19-2010/DE/UECE.
- Afonso, A.. "Expansionary fiscal consolidations in Europe: New evidence". Applied Economics Letters 17 2 (2010): 105-109.
http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-70949107079&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1080/13504850701719892
- Afonso, A.; St.Aubyn, M.. "Public and private investment rates of return: Evidence for industrialized countries". Applied
Economics Letters 17 9 (2010): 839-843. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77953646030&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1080/13504850802599425
- Afonso, A.; Schuknecht, L.; Tanzi, V.. "Public sector efficiency: Evidence for new EU member states and emerging markets".
Applied Economics 42 17 (2010): 2147-2164. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77954398276&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1080/00036840701765460
- Afonso, A.; Afonso, António. "Long-term government bond yields and economic forecasts: Evidence for the EU". Applied Economics
Letters 17 15 (2010): 1437-1441. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77957581774&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1080/13504850903049627
- Afonso, A.; Rault, C.; AFONSO, A; RAULT, C. "What do we really know about fiscal sustainability in the EU? A panel data diagnostic".
Review of World Economics 145 4 (2010): 731-755. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-75549085119&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1007/s10290-009-0034-1
- Afonso, A; Furceri, D; Anto´nio Afonso; Davide Furceri; Afonso, António; Furceri, Davide. "Government size, composition, volatility
and economic growth". European Journal of Political Economy 26 4 (2010): 517-532. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2329.
10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2010.02.002
- Afonso, A.. "Neck, R. and Sturm, J.-E. (eds.): Sustainability of public debt - VII, 271pp. The MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass.
and London 2008. Hardback, £ 22.95". Journal of Economics/ Zeitschrift fur Nationalokonomie (2009): 1-2. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-59649106409&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1007/s00712-009-0060-4
- Afonso, A.; Gomes, P.; Rother, P.. "Ordered response models for sovereign debt ratings". Applied Economics Letters
16 8 (2009): 769-773. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-67650096279&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1080/13504850701221931
- Afonso, A.; Furceri, D.. "Sectoral business cycle synchronization in the European Union". Economics Bulletin 29 4 (2009):
2996-3014. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77953585325&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
- Rault, C.; Afonso, A.; Anto´nio Afonso; Christophe Rault. "Bootstrap panel granger-causality between government budget and
external deficits for the EU". Economics Bulletin 29 2 (2009): 1027-1034. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77953501130&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
- Afonso, A.; St. Aubyn, M.; Afonso, António; St. Aubyn, Miguel. "Macroeconomic rates of return of public and private investment:
Crowding-in and crowding-out effects". Manchester School 77 SUPPL. 1 (2009): 21-39. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-68349108236&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1111/j.1467-9957.2009.02117.x
- Afonso, A.; Fernandes, S.. "Assessing and explaining the relative efficiency of local government". Journal of Socio-Economics
37 5 (2008): 1946-1979. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-51049114026&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1016/j.socec.2007.03.007
- Afonso, A.. "Ricardian fiscal regimes in the European Union". Empirica 35 3 (2008): 313-334. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-47249143286&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1007/s10663-008-9066-3
- Afonso, A.; Claeys, P.. "The dynamic behaviour of budget components and output". Economic Modelling 25 1 (2008): 93-117.
http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-37349022846&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1016/j.econmod.2007.04.016
- Afonso, António; Santos, Mariana. "A DEA approach to the relative efficiency of portuguese public universities". Portuguese
Journal of Management Studies (2008): https://www.authenticus.pt/P-010-NGG.
- Afonso, A.; Strauch, R.; Afonso, António; Strauch, Rolf; Anto´nio Afonso; Rolf Strauch. "Fiscal policy events and interest
rate swap spreads: Evidence from the EU". Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money 17 3 (2007):
261-276. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-34248634593&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1016/j.intfin.2005.12.002
- Rault, C.; Afonso, A.. "Should we care for structural breaks when assessing fiscal sustainability?". Economics Bulletin
3 63 (2007): http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-38049153605&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
- AFONSO, A; GASPAR, V. "Dupuit, Pigou and cost of inefficiency in public services provision". PUBLIC CHOICE 132 3-4
(2007): 485-502.
10.1007/s11127-007-9174-9
- Antonio Afonso; Christophe Rault. "Should we Care for Structural Breaks when Assessing Fiscal Sustainability?". Economics
Bulletin (2007): https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00202656.
- Afonso, A.; Fernandes, S.. "Measuring local government spending efficiency: Evidence for the Lisbon region". Regional Studies
40 1 (2006): 39-53. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-32144447673&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1080/00343400500449937
- AFONSO, A; AUBYN, MS; Afonso, António; St. Aubyn, Miguel. "Cross-country efficiency of secondary education provision: A semi-parametric
analysis with non-discretionary inputs". ECONOMIC MODELLING 23 3 (2006): 476-491. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2129.
10.1016/j.econmod.2006.02.003
- AFONSO, A; NICKEL, C; ROTHER, PC. "Fiscal consolidations in the Central and Eastern European countries". REVIEW OF WORLD
ECONOMICS 142 2 (2006): 402-421.
10.1007/s10290-006-0073-9
- Afonso, A.. "Sustainability of fiscal policy in the EU-15". CESifo DICE Report 4 1 (2006): 34-38. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-33746635938&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
- AFONSO, A; ST AUBYN, M. "Non-parametric approaches to education and health efficiency in OECD countries". JOURNAL OF APPLIED
ECONOMICS 8 2 (2005): 227-246. http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=ORCID&SrcApp=OrcidOrg&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=WOS:000238097800002&KeyUID=WOS:000238097800002.
- AFONSO, A; SCHUKNECHT, L; TANZI, V. "Public sector efficiency: An international comparison". PUBLIC CHOICE 123 3-4
(2005): 321-347.
10.1007/s11127-005-7165-2
- AFONSO, A; Afonso, António. "Fiscal sustainability: The unpleasant European case". FINANZARCHIV 61 1 (2005): 19-44.
http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=ORCID&SrcApp=OrcidOrg&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=WOS:000230640000002&KeyUID=WOS:000230640000002.
10.1628/0015221053722532
- Afonso, A.; Afonso, António. "Understanding the determinants of sovereign debt ratings: Evidence for the two leading agencies".
Journal of Economics and Finance 27 1 (2003): 56-74. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-11144332149&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.1007/BF02751590
- Afonso, António; St. Aubyn, Miguel. "Credit rationing and monetary transmission : evidence for Portugal". Estudos de Economia
(1999): https://www.authenticus.pt/P-010-NGH.
- Afonso, António Manuel Pedro. "Public deficits and inflation, some more results for Portugal". (1995): http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/9398.
Acesso aberto
- Afonso, António. "Public deficits and inflation, some more results for Portugal". Estudos de Economia (1995): https://www.authenticus.pt/P-010-NGJ.
- Afonso, António Manuel Pedro. "Causality between public deficits and the inflation : some tests for the portuguese case".
(1993): http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/9465.
Acesso aberto
- Afonso, António. "Causality between public deficits and the inflation : some tests for the portuguese case". Estudos de
Economia (1993): https://www.authenticus.pt/P-010-NGK.
|
| Capítulo de livro |
- António Afonso; João Tovar Jalles; Ana Venâncio; Afonso, A.; Jalles, J.T.; Venâncio, A.. "Introduction to public sector efficiency".
1-4. 2023.
10.4337/9781839109164.00005
- Afonso, A.; Schuknecht, L.; Tanzi, V.; António Afonso; Ludger Schuknecht; Vito Tanzi. "The size of government". 6-31. 2023.
10.4337/9781839109164.00007
- Afonso, A.; Jalles, J.T.; Venâncio, A.. "Government spending efficiency, measurement and applications: A cross-country efficiency
dataset". 44-71. 2023.
10.2139/ssrn.3734216
- Afonso, A.; Kazemi, M.. "Assessing Public Spending Efficiency in 20 OECD Countries". 7-42. 2017.
10.1007/978-3-319-54690-2_2
- Afonso, António; Gomes, Pedro; Rother, Phlipp. "What “Hides” Behind Sovereign Debt Ratings?". In New developments in financial
modelling, 314-343. Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2008.
10.5848/csp.1155.00013
- Afonso, António. "Finanças públicas e consolidações orçamentais: o caso de Portugal". 2002.
|
| Documento de trabalho |
- Afonso, António; Gonçalves, Luís; Afonso, A.; Gonçalves, L.. 2018. "The policy mix in the US and EMU : evidence from a SVAR
analysis". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/16008.
10.2139/ssrn.3117600
- Afonso, António; Ibraimo, Yasfir. 2018. "The macroeconomic effects of public debt : an empirical analysis of Mozambique".
http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/16009.
10.1080/00036846.2019.1644445
- Afonso, António; Jalles, João; Afonso, A.; Jalles, J.T.. 2018. "Decomposing and analysing the determinants of current accounts’
cyclicality : evidence from the Euro Area". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/16023.
10.2139/ssrn.3198781
- Afonso, António; Leal, Frederico Silva; Afonso, A.; Leal, F.S.. 2018. "Fiscal multipliers in the Eurozone : a SVAR analysis".
http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/16028.
10.2139/ssrn.3225186
- Afonso, António; Sen, Huseyin; Kaya, Ayse; Afonso, A; Sen, H; Kaya, A; Afonso, A.; Sen, H.; Kaya, A.. 2018. "Government size,
unemployment, and inflation nexus in eight large emerging market economies". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/16019.
10.2139/ssrn.3174414
- Afonso, António; Blanco-Arana, M. Carmen; Afonso, A.; Blanco-Arana, M.C.. 2018. "Financial development and economic growth
: a study for OECD countries in the context of crisis". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/16027.
10.2139/ssrn.3224317
- Afonso, António; Alves, José; António Afonso; José Alves; Depeco; Afonso, A.; Alves, J.. 2017. "Stock-flow adjustments and
interest rates". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/13137.
10.13140/rg.2.2.24202.67526
- Afonso, António; Kazemi, Mina; Afonso, A.; Kazemi, M.. 2017. "Euro area sovereign yields and the power of QE". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/13930.
10.2139/ssrn.3001682
- Afonso, António; Silva, Jorge. 2017. "Effects of euro area monetary policy on institutional sectors : the case of Portugal".
http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/13985.
10.32826/cude.v42i120.81
- Afonso, António; Jalles, João. 2017. "Do fiscal rules lower government financing costs?". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/15988.
- Afonso, António; Jalles, João. 2017. "Fiscal reaction functions across the world : a battle of statistical (in-) significance".
http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/15989.
- Afonso, António; Jalles, João. 2017. "Quantitative easing and sovereign yield spreads : Euro-Area time-varying evidence".
http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/15995.
10.1016/j.intfin.2018.10.003
- Afonso, António; Cardoso, Pedro; Afonso, A.; Cardoso, P.. 2017. "Exchange-traded funds as an alternative investment option
: a case study". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/15999.
10.2139/ssrn.3091678
- Afonso, António; Jalles, João Tovar. 2017. "Sovereign debt effects and composition : evidence from time-varying estimates".
http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/13135.
10.13140/rg.2.2.34269.00480
- Afonso, António; Jalles, João Tovar. 2017. "Fiscal activism and price volatility : evidence from advanced and emerging economies".
http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/13136.
10.13140/rg.2.2.30913.56162
- António Afonso; João Tovar; Depeco. 2017. "Sovereign Debt Effects and Composition: Evidence from Time-Varying Estimates".
10.13140/rg.2.2.34269.00480
- António Afonso; João Tovar; Depeco; Afonso, A.; Jalles, J.T.. 2017. "Fiscal Activism and Price Volatility: Evidence from Advanced
and Emerging Economies". http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85115061878&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.13140/rg.2.2.30913.56162
- António Afonso; André Albuquerque; Depeco; Afonso, A.; Albuquerque, A.. 2017. "Sovereign Credit Rating Mismatches". http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85115469972&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
10.13140/rg.2.2.19169.51040
- António Afonso; Frederico Silva Leal; Depeco. 2017. "Sovereign yield spreads in the EMU: crisis and structural determinants".
10.13140/rg.2.2.22944.38400
- António Afonso; Jorge Silva; Depeco. 2017. "Debt crisis and 10-year sovereign yields in Ireland and in Portugal".
10.13140/rg.2.2.36366.15682
- Afonso, António; Alcântara, Marcelo. 2016. "Euro area sovereign debt crisis and debt mutualisation". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/11098.
- Afonso, António; Reis, Manuel. 2016. "Revisiting sovereign bond spreads’ determinants in the EMU". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/11312.
- Afonso, António; St. Aubyn, Miguel. 2016. "Economic growth and public and private investment returns". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/12026.
- Afonso, António; Singh, Manish K.. 2016. "Is the supply of long-term debt independent of the term premia? Evidence from Portugal".
http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/11715.
- Afonso, António; Jalles, João Tovar. 2015. "Fiscal Sustainability : A Panel Assessment for Advanced Economies". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/8143.
10.1080/13504851.2014.987913
- Afonso, António; Jalles, João Tovar. 2015. "Fiscal episodes, technological progress and market power". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/9246.
- Afonso, António; Jalles, João Tovar. 2015. "Euro area time varying fiscal sustainability". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/9252.
- Afonso, António; Caiado, Jorge; St. Aubyn, Miguel. 2015. "The macro impact of the Portuguese Constitutional Court decisions
regarding the budgetary proposals of the Portuguese Budget Law (2012, 2013, 2014)". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/8293.
- Afonso, António; Carvalho, Rui. 2014. "Revenue forecast errors in the European Union". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/6518.
- Afonso, António; Alves, José. 2014. "The Role of Government Debt in Economic Growth". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/7410.
10.7866/HPE-RPE.15.4.1
- Afonso, António; Balhote, Raquel. 2014. "Interactions between Monetary Policy and Fiscal Policy". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/7415.
- Afonso, António; Silva, António Jorge. 2014. "The monetary transmission mechanism in the Euro Area : has it changed with the
EMU? A VAR approach, with fiscal policy and financial stress considerations". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/7418.
- Afonso, António; Guedes, Maria João. 2014. "EU Finance Ministers, capital markets and fiscal outcomes". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/6517.
- Afonso, António; Guimarães, Ana Sofia. 2014. "The relevance of fiscal rules for fiscal and yield developments". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/6521.
- Afonso, António; Jalles, João Tovar. 2014. "Causality for the government budget and economic growth". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/7421.
10.1080/13504851.2014.916383
- Afonso, António; Felix, Ana Catarina Ramos; Félix, Ana Catarina Ramos. 2014. "Contagion in EU sovereign yield spreads". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/6520.
- Afonso, António; Gomes, Pedro; Taamouti, Abderrahim. 2014. "Sovereign credit ratings, market volatility, and financial gains".
http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/7422.
10.1016/j.csda.2013.09.028
- Afonso, António. 2013. "Anatomy of a fiscal débacle: the case of Portugal". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/5164.
- Afonso, António; Toffano, Priscilla. 2013. "Fiscal regimes in the EU". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/5901.
- Afonso, António; Venâncio, Ana. 2013. "The relevance of commuting zones for regional spending efficiency". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/5991.
10.1080/00036846.2015.1088145
- Afonso, António; Nunes, Ana Sofia. 2013. "Economic forecasts and sovereign yields". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/5165.
10.1016/j.econmod.2014.03.012
- Afonso, António; Silva, Jorge. 2012. "The fiscal forecasting track record of the European Commission and Portugal". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/4887.
- Afonso, António; Jalles, João Tovar. 2012. "Revisiting fiscal sustainability: panel cointegration and structural breaks in
OECD countries". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/4690.
- Afonso, António; Jalles, João Tovar. 2012. "The fiscal-growth nexus". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/3787.
- Afonso, António; Jalles, João Tovar. 2012. "Fiscal volatility, financial crises and growth". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/4147.
10.1080/13504851.2012.667531
- Afonso, António; Arghyrou, Michael G.; Kontonikas, Alexandros. 2012. "The determinants of sovereign bond yield spreads in
the EMU". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/4877.
- Afonso, António; Jalles, João Tovar. 2011. "Assessing fiscal episodes". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/3584.
10.1016/j.econmod.2013.10.035
- Afonso, António; Jalles, João Tovar. 2011. "A longer-run perspective on fiscal stability". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/3586.
- Afonso, António; Jalles, João Tovar. 2011. "Linking investment and fiscal policies". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/3589.
- Afonso, António; Jalles, João Tovar; Afonso, Antonio; Jalles, Joao Tovar; Afonso, A.; Jalles, J.T.. 2011. "Growth and productivity
: the role of government debt". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/3514.
10.1016/j.iref.2012.07.004
- Afonso, António; Jalles, João Tovar. 2011. "Appraising fiscal reaction functions". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/3783.
- Afonso, António; Jalles, João Tovar. 2011. "Economic performance and government size". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/3860.
- Afonso, António; Sousa, Ricardo M.; Afonso, Antonio. 2011. "Consumption, wealth, stock and government bond returns : international
evidence". http://hdl.handle.net/1822/11950.
10.1111/j.1467-9957.2011.02247.x
- Afonso, António; Furceri, Davide; Gomes, Pedro. 2011. "Sovereign credit ratings and financial markets linkages: application
to European data". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/3515.
10.1016/j.jimonfin.2012.01.016
- Afonso, António; Baxa, Jaromír; Slavík, Michal. 2011. "Fiscal developments and financial stress : a threshold VAR analysis".
http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/3292.
10.1007/s00181-016-1210-5
- Afonso, António; Sequeira, Ana. 2010. "Revisiting business cycle synchronisation in the European Union". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2859.
- Afonso, António; Grüner, Hans Peter; Kolerus, Christina. 2010. "Fiscal Policy and Growth: Do Financial Crises make a Difference?".
http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2320.
Afonso, António, Hans Peter Grüner e Christina Kolerus. 2010. "Fiscal Policy and Growth: Do Financial Crises make a Difference?".
Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão - DE Working papers nº 10-2010/DE/UECE
- Afonso, António; Martins, Manuel M. F.; António Afonso; Manuel Mota Freitas Martins. 2010. "Level, slope, curvature of sovereign
yield curve and fiscal behaviour". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2861.
Afonso, António e Manuel M. F. Martins. 2010. "Level, slope, curvature of sovereign yield curve and fiscal behaviour". Instituto
Superior de Economia e Gestão. DE Working papers; nº 23/2010./UECE
- Afonso, António; Hauptmeier, Sebastian. 2009. "Fiscal behaviour in the European Union : rules, fiscal decentralization and
government indebtedness". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/1865.
- Afonso, António; Rault, Christophe. 2009. "Bootstrap panel Granger-causality between government spending and revenue in the
EU". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2124.
- Afonso, António; Rault, Christophe. 2009. "Bootstrap Panel Granger-Causality Between Government Budget and External Deficits
for the EU". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2533.
- Afonso, António; Sousa, Ricardo M.. 2009. "The macroeconomic effects of fiscal policy". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2156.
10.1080/00036846.2011.591732
- Afonso, António; Sousa, Ricardo M.. 2009. "The Macroeconomic Effects of Fiscal Policy in Portugal: a Bayesian SVAR Analysis".
http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2539.
10.1007/s10258-011-0071-2
- António Afonso; Christophe Rault; Antonio Afonso; Afonso, António; Rault, Christophe. 2008. "3-Step Analysis of Public Finances
Sustainability: the Case of the European Union". https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00322086.
- Afonso, António; Afonso, A.. 2008. "Euler testing Ricardo and Barro in the EU". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2347.
- Afonso, António; Gomes, Pedro; Anto´nio Afonso; Pedro Gomes; Pedro Maia Gomes. 2008. "Interactions between private and public
sector wages". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2154.
10.1016/j.jmacro.2013.12.003
- Afonso, António; Fernandes, Sónia. 2008. "Assessing Hospital Efficiency: Non-parametric Evidence for Portugal". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2332.
- Afonso, António; Rault, Christophe. 2008. "Bootstrap Panel Granger-Causality Between Government spending and Revenue". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2363.
- Afonso, António; Sousa, Ricardo M.. 2008. "Fiscal Policy, Housing and Stock Prices". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2506.
- Afonso, António; Agnello, Luca; Furceri, Davide; Afonso, A; Agnello, L; Furceri, D; Afonso, A.; et al. 2008. "Fiscal Policy
Responiveness, Persistence and Discretion". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2486.
10.1007/s11127.009.9577.x
- Afonso, António; Schknecht, Ludger; Tanzi, Vito; Schuknecht, Ludger; Afonso, A; Schuknecht, L; Tanzi, V; et al. 2008. "Income
Distribution Determinants and Public Spending Efficiency". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2330.
10.1007/s10888-010-9138-z
- Antonio Afonso; Christophe Rault. 2008. "Budgetary and External Imbalances Relationship: a Panel Data Diagnostic". https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00364576.
- Antonio Afonso; Christophe Rault; Afonso, António; Rault, Christophe. 2008. "What do we Really Know about Fiscal Sustainability
in the EU? A Panel Data Diagnostic". https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00202799.
- Afonso, António. 2007. "Public finances in Portugal: a brief long-run view". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2566.
- Afonso, António; Claeys, Peter. 2007. "The dynamic behaviour of budget components and output". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2135.
10.1016/j.econmod.2007.04.016
- Afonso, António; Furceri, Davide. 2007. "Sectoral Business Cycle Synchronization in the European Union". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2567.
- Afonso, António; Furceri, Davide. 2007. "Business Cycle Synchronization and Insurance Mechanisms in the EU". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2595.
- Afonso, António; Gomes, Pedro; Rother, Philipp; Anto´nio Afonso; Pedro Gomes; Philipp C. Rother. 2007. "What "hides" behind
sovereign debt ratings?". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2134.
- Antonio Afonso; Christophe Rault; Afonso, António; Rault, Christophe. 2007. "Should we care for structural breaks when assessing
fiscal sustainability". https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00202803.
- Afonso, António. 2006. "Expansionary fiscal consolidations in Europe : new evidence". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2133.
10.1080/13504850701719892
- Afonso, António; Gaspar, Vítor; Anto´nio Afonso; Vi´tor Gaspar. 2006. "Excess burden and the cost of inefficiency in public
services provision". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2132.
- Afonso, António; Scaglioni, Carla. 2006. "An Assessment of Telecommunications Regulation Performance in the European Union".
http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2619.
- Afonso, António; Claeys, Peter. 2006. "The dynamic behaviour of budget components and output - the cases of France, Germany,
Portugal, and Spain". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2650.
- Afonso, António; St. Aubyn, Miguel. 2006. "Relative Efficiency of Health Provision: a DEA Approach with Non-discretionary
Inputs". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2655.
- Afonso, António; Schuknecht, Ludger; Tanzi, Vito; Anto´nio Afonso; Ludger Schuknecht; Vito Tanzi. 2006. "Public sector efficiency
evidence for new EU member states and emerging markets". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2131.
- Afonso, António; Gomes, Pedro; Rother, Philipp. 2006. "Ordered Response Models for Sovereign Debt Ratings". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2656.
10.1080/13504850701221931
- Afonso, António; Anto´nio Afonso. 2005. "Ricardian fiscal regimes in the European Union". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2130.
10.1007/s10663-008-9066-3
- Afonso, António; Scaglioni, Carla. 2005. "Public Services Efficiency Provision in Italian Regions: a Non-Parametric Analysis".
http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2661.
- Afonso, António; Santos, Mariana. 2005. "Students and Teachers: A DEA Approach to the Relative Efficiency of Portuguese Public
Universities". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2676.
- Afonso, António; Fernandes, Sónia. 2005. "Assessing and Explaining the Relative Efficiency of Local Government: Evidence for
Portuguese Municipalities". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2694.
- Afonso, António; Nickel, Christiane; Rother, Philipp; Anto´nio Afonso; Christiane Nickel; Philipp C. Rother. 2005. "Fiscal
consolidations in the Central and Eastern European countries". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2128.
10.1007/s10290-006-0073-9
- Afonso, António; Santos, Mariana. 2004. "Public Tertiary Education Expenditure in Portugal: a Non-Parametric Efficiency Analysis".
http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2706.
- Afonso, António; St. Aubyn, Miguel. 2004. "Non-parametric Approaches to Education and Health Expenditure Efficiency in OECD
Countries". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2700.
- Afonso, António; Fernandes, Sónia. 2003. "Efficiency of Local Government Spending: Evidence for the Lisbon Region". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2732.
- Afonso, António; Schuknecht, Ludger; Tanzi, Vito. 2003. "Public sector efficiency: an international comparison". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2125.
10.1007/s11127-005-7165-2
- Afonso, António. 2002. "Disturbing the fiscal theory of the price level: can it fit the EU-15?". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2735.
- Afonso, António. 2001. "Non-Keynesian Effects of Fiscal Policy in the EU-15". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2744.
- Afonso, António. 2001. "Government indebtedness and european consumers behaviour". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2749.
- Afonso, António. 2000. "Fiscal policy sustainability: some unpleasant European evidence". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2755.
- Afonso, António; St. Aubyn, Miguel. 1997. "Is there credit rationing in portuguese banking?". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/22713.
|
| Edição de número de revista |
- Afonso, António; Cerqueira, P. A.; Stoian, A.. "Fiscal Policy in Europe". Comparative Economic Studies 62 3 (2020):
Publicado
|
| Livro |
- Afonso, A.; Jalles, J.T.; Venâncio, A.. Handbook on public sector efficiency. 2023.
10.4337/9781839109164
- Margarida Abreu; Afonso, António; Escária, Vitor; Cândida Ferreira. Economia Monetária e Financeira. LISBOA, Portugal:
Escolar Editora. 2022.
Publicado
- Axel A. Weber; Harald W. Stieber; Stavros Vourloumis; Anto´nio Afonso; Joa~o Tovar Jalles; Franco Bruni; Andre´ van Poeck;
et al. States, Banks, and the Financing of the Economy: Fiscal Policy and Sovereign Risk Perspectives. 2013.
- Anto´nio Afonso; Christophe Rault; Afonso, António; Rault, Christophe. Long-run determinants of sovereign yields. Alemanha.
2010.
Afonso, António e Christophe Rault. 2010. "Long-run Determinants of Sovereign Yields". Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão
- DE Working papers 15-2010/DE/UECE
- Anto´nio Afonso; Christophe Rault; Afonso, A.; Rault, C.. Spend-and-tax: a panel data investigation for the EU. Alemanha.
2009.
- Anto´nio Afonso; Christophe Rault. Budgetary and external imbalances relationship. Alemanha. 2009.
- Anto´nio Afonso; Juan Gonza´lez Alegre. Economic growth and budgetary components. Alemanha. 2008.
- Anto´nio Afonso; Christophe Rault. 3-step analysis of public finances sustainability. Alemanha. 2008.
- Anto´nio Afonso; Miguel St. Aubyn. Macroeconomic rates of return of public and private investment. Alemanha. 2008.
- Anto´nio Afonso; Peter Claeys. The dynamic behaviour of budget components and output. Alemanha. 2007.
10.1016/j.econmod.2007.04.016
- Anto´nio Afonso; Christophe Rault; Antonio Afonso; Afonso, António; Rault, Christophe; António Afonso. What do we really
know about fiscal sustainability in the EU?. Alemanha: Global Economic Modeling Network. 2007.
10.1007/s10290-009-0034-1
- Anto´nio Afonso; Davide Furceri. Business cycle synchronization and insurance mechanisms in the EU. Alemanha. 2007.
- Anto´nio Afonso. Expansionary fiscal consolidations in Europe. 2006.
- Anto´nio Afonso. Quality of public finances and growth. 2005.
- Anto´nio Afonso; Miguel St. Aubyn. Cross-country efficiency of secondary education provision. 2005.
- Anto´nio Afonso; Ludger Schuknecht; Vito Tanzi. Public sector efficiency. 2003.
|
| Relatório |
- António Afonso. 2017. A sustentabilidade da política orçamental em Portugal.
10.13140/rg.2.2.12449.20329
|
| Tese / Dissertação |
- Afonso, António. "Ensaios sobre politica orçamental". 2002. https://www.authenticus.pt/P-010-NGF.
- Afonso, António. "Défices públicos e inflação". Mestrado, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/12421.
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