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After degrees in Philosophy (BA) at the University of Bristol and Cognitive Science (MSc) at the University of Birmingham, my PhD (supervised by Mark Georgeson at the University of Birmingham) addressed human visual motion processing. I was a postdoc for four years, working first with Andy Smith (at Royal Holloway, University of London) and then with Robert Hess (at McGill University). I was appointed Lecturer in Psychology here in 2001. My research is characterised by a core area of expertise (visual motion perception in humans), with increasingly frequent forays into other areas of interest, such as camouflage, reading, and categorisation of colour. The first of these, camouflage, is currently my main focus. Bristol now has the highest concentration of people in the world investigating all aspects of camouflage: over the last few years, Innes Cuthill (Biological Sciences), Roland Baddeley (Experimental Psychology) and I formed the Camouflage Group at Bristol, and we have attracted both academic (BBSRC, EPSRC) and industrial (DSTL, QinetiQ) funding. Some of my publications, both in the area of camouflage (Allen et al., 2011; Scott-Samuel et al., 2011) and elsewhere (Attwood et al., 2012) have garnered extensive international press coverage and resulted in radio and television appearances. More importantly, Bristol is now seen as the place for camouflage research, internationally.
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Identification

Personal identification

Full name
Nicholas Edward Scott-Samuel

Citation names

  • Scott-Samuel, Nicholas

Author identifiers

Ciência ID
9219-EE74-8CAD
ORCID iD
0000-0002-8270-8437
Google Scholar ID
https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=s8QkGqEAAAAJ&hl=en

Addresses

  • 12A Priory Road, BS8 1TU, Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom (Professional)

Websites

Knowledge fields

  • Natural sciences - Biological Sciences - Evolutionary Biology
  • Natural sciences - Biological Sciences - Behavioural Sciences Biology

Languages

Language Speaking Reading Writing Listening Peer-review
English (Mother tongue)
Education
Degree Classification
1993/09/01 - 1996/06/01
Concluded
 Mechanisms of motion perception in human vision (Doktor (PhD))
Major in Biology
University of Birmingham School, United Kingdom
1992/09/01 - 1993/06/01
Concluded
 Segmentation of moving transparent surfaces (Outros)
Major in MSc in Cognitive Science
University of Birmingham School, United Kingdom
1986/09/01 - 1989/06/01
Concluded
 BA Hons (Bacharelato)
Major in Philosophy
University of Bristol Faculty of Science, United Kingdom
Affiliation

Science

Category
Host institution 		Employer
2001/01/01 - 2050/01/01 Principal Investigator (Research) University of Bristol School of Experimental Psychology, United Kingdom
University of Bristol School of Experimental Psychology, United Kingdom
Projects

Grant

Designation Funders
2020/06/01 - 2023/05/31 Motion illusions for defence
BB/V001388/1
Co-Principal Investigator (Co-PI)
University of Bristol, United Kingdom
 Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
Ongoing
2019/01/01 - 2022/04/01 Concealing 3D objects
BBSRC
Researcher
2019/01/01 - 2021/01/01 Optimising iridescent materials for specific visual properties including camouflage or distraction
EPSRC
Researcher
2017/01/01 - 2020/11/06 The effect of the geometry of colour space on categorisation
EPSRC PhD studentship
Principal investigator
2019/01/01 - 2020/04/03 Behavioral optimization of camouflage in remote Sahara-Sahel rodent communities
National Geographic
Researcher
2019/01/01 - 2019/12/31 Gloss as defence
BCAI
Researcher
2016/01/01 - 2019/12/11 The "Camouflage Machine": optimising patterns for camouflage and visibility
QinetiQ PhD studentship
Principal investigator
2015/01/01 - 2019/11/02 Visual impacts of Iridescence: Detectability and Disruption
BBSRC
Researcher
2015/01/01 - 2018/12/01 The "Camouflage Machine": optimising patterns for camouflage and visibility
EPSRC
Principal investigator
2012/01/01 - 2016/01/03 Finding and hiding moving objects
BBSRC SWDTP
Supervisor
2014/01/01 - 2015/12/01 Camouflage and Aposematism to Multiple Observers
Labex CEBA
2012/01/01 - 2015/12/01 MAST Low Observable Facility and Research: image processing
QinetiQ
Researcher
2014/01/01 - 2014/12/17 Aston Laboratory for Immersive Virtual Environments (ALIVE)
Wolfson Trust Aston University
Research Fellow
2012/01/01 - 2014/01/01 Building Global Engagements in Research
EPSRC
Principal investigator
2012/01/01 - 2013/01/01 The effect if standard and adaptive camouflage on perceived speed in neutral and stressful situations
DSTL DTC CDE
Principal investigator
2012/01/01 - 2013/01/01 The effect of standard and adaptive camouflage on perceived speed in neutral and stressful situations
DSTL CDE
Principal investigator
2010/01/01 - 2011/01/01 Effect of glass shape on drinking rate and drinking topography in social alcohol drinkers
AERC
Principal investigator
Concluded
2007/01/01 - 2011/01/01 Now you see it, now you don't: camouflage, movement and ecology
BBSRC
Principal investigator
Concluded
2007/01/01 - 2011/01/01 Animal camouflage
EPSRC/QinetiQ CASE
Researcher
Concluded
Outputs

Publications

Conference abstract
  1. Jasmina Stevanov; Laszlo Talas; Michele Furlan; Nicholas E. Scott-Samuel; Hiroshi Ashida. "Neural Representation of Spectral Densities in IT Cortex". 2015.
  2. U Leonards; SM Haigh; R Rebuck; E Arden; Nicholas E. Scott-Samuel. "Brightness perception in migraineurs and non-migraineurs and its possible link to photophobia". 2009.
  3. Nicholas E. Scott-Samuel; U Leonards. "Task efficiency mediates the effects of movement in visual search". 2009.
  4. Nicholas E. Scott-Samuel; U Leonards. "Crowds or photographs of crowds? Visual search through moving or static objects". 2008.
  5. Nicholas E. Scott-Samuel; PJ Etchells; U Leonards. "Is visual search more efficient in dynamic environments?". 2006.
  6. U Leonards; A Correani; Nicholas E. Scott-Samuel. "Processing of luminosity in the visual system: Is luminosity a basic feature?". 2006.
  7. Nicholas E. Scott-Samuel; JJ Marsh; U Leonards. "Similar processing in visual search and motion perception?". 2005.
    10.1068/ava04
  8. Nicholas E. Scott-Samuel; JJ Marsh; U Leonards. "A novel threshold - one for meaningful change". 2005.
  9. U Leonards; E Urry; Nicholas E. Scott-Samuel. "Saccadic responses to glow: differential latencies for light-emitting and light-reflecting objects". 2004.
Conference paper
  1. T Ajmal; Nicholas Scott-Samuel; G Magro; RES Bain; RL Matthews; CA Woodall; HJ Jeffreys; AP Davis; SW Gundry. "E.coli chromogenic reagent selection based on user perception for use in field based water quality tests". 2010.
  2. J Li; Christopher Benton; SG Nikolov; Nicholas Scott-Samuel. "Adaptive multiscale optical flow estimation". 2007.
    10.1109/ICIP.2007.4379204
  3. J Li; SG Nikolov; Christopher Benton; Nicholas Scott-Samuel. "Adaptive summarisation of surveillance video sequences". 2007.
    10.1109/AVSS.2007.4425369
  4. J Li; SG Nikolov; Christopher Benton; Nicholas Scott-Samuel. "Motion-based video fusion using optical flow information". 2006.
    10.1109/ICIF.2006.301814
  5. J Li; SG Nikolov; Nicholas Scott-Samuel; Christopher Benton. "Reliable real-time optical flow estimation for surveillance applications". 2006.
Journal article
  1. Macedo, Tiago; Carlos Campos, João; Nokelainen, Ossi; Scott-Samuel, Nicholas E; Boratynski, Zbyszek. "The effect of spatial and temporal scale on camouflage in North African rodents". Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 137 3 (2022): 523-533. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blac107.
    10.1093/biolinnean/blac107
  2. Kjernsmo, Karin; Lim, Anna M.; Middleton, Rox; Hall, Joanna R.; Costello, Leah M.; Whitney, Heather M.; Scott-Samuel, Nicholas E.; Cuthill, Innes C.. "Beetle iridescence induces an avoidance response in naïve avian predators". Animal Behaviour 188 (2022): 45-50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2022.04.005.
    10.1016/j.anbehav.2022.04.005
  3. McLellan, Callum F.; Scott-Samuel, Nicholas E.; Cuthill, Innes C.. "Birds learn to avoid aposematic prey by using the appearance of host plants". Current Biology 31 23 (2021): 5364-5369.e4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2021.09.048.
    10.1016/j.cub.2021.09.048
  4. Rowe, Zeke W.; Austin, Daniel J. D.; Chippington, Nicol; Flynn, William; Starkey, Finn; Wightman, Edward J.; Scott-Samuel, Nicholas E.; Cuthill, Innes C.. "Background complexity can mitigate poor camouflage". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 288 1963 (2021): http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2021.2029.
    10.1098/rspb.2021.2029
  5. Nokelainen, Ossi; Scott-Samuel, Nicholas E.; Nie, Yonggang; Wei, Fuwen; Caro, Tim. "The giant panda is cryptic". Scientific Reports 11 1 (2021): http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-00742-4.
    10.1038/s41598-021-00742-4
  6. Barnett, James B.; Michalis, Constantine; Scott-Samuel, Nicholas E.; Cuthill, Innes C.. "Colour pattern variation forms local background matching camouflage in a leaf-mimicking toad". Journal of Evolutionary Biology 34 10 (2021): 1531-1540. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jeb.13923.
    10.1111/jeb.13923
  7. John G. Fennell; Laszlo Talas; Roland J. Baddeley; Innes C. Cuthill; Nicholas E. Scott-Samuel. "The Camouflage Machine: Optimizing protective coloration using deep learning with genetic algorithms". Evolution (2021): https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14162.
    10.1111/evo.14162
  8. Jo Hall; Olivia E C Matthews; Tim N Volonakis; Eric Liggins; Karl P Lymer; Roland J Baddeley; Innes C Cuthill; Nicholas E. Scott-Samuel. "A platform for initial testing of multiple camouflage patterns". Defence Technology (2020): https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/832a9b75-d9f2-4a72-99ad-8548785718c6.
    10.1016/j.dt.2020.11.004
  9. Ossi Nokelainen; Lekshmi B Sreelatha; José Carlos Brito; João C Campos; Nicholas E. Scott-Samuel; Janne K Valkonen; Zbyszek Boratynski. "Camouflage in arid environments". Journal of Vertebrate Biology 69 2 (2020): 1-12. https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/c3c2786a-7c92-4a47-a869-2860ab49b3d3.
    10.25225/jvb.20007
  10. Ossi Nokelainen; José Carlos Brito; Nicholas E. Scott-Samuel; Janne K. Valkonen; Zbyszek Boratynski; Stewart Plaistow. "Camouflage accuracy in Sahara–Sahel desert rodents". Journal of Animal Ecology 89 7 (2020): 1658-1669. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.13225.
    10.1111/1365-2656.13225
  11. Barnett, James B.; Michalis, Constantine; Anderson, Hannah M.; McEwen, Brendan L.; Yeager, Justin; Pruitt, Jonathan N.; Scott-Samuel, Nicholas E.; Cuthill, Innes C.. "Imperfect transparency and camouflage in glass frogs". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117 23 (2020): 12885-12890. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1919417117.
    10.1073/pnas.1919417117
  12. Samuel Matchette; Innes C Cuthill; Nicholas E. Scott-Samuel; N. Justin Marshall; Karen L Cheney. "Underwater caustics disrupt prey detection by a reef fish". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 287 1924 (2020): https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/39ba2937-790e-4101-8d6c-3decfc09cc6f.
    10.1098/rspb.2019.2453
  13. Leah M Costello; Nicholas Scott-Samuel; Karin Kjernsmo; Innes C Cuthill. "False holes as camouflage". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 287 1922 (2020): https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/false-holes-as-camouflage(0369cce3-4d23-4eac-9942-71d7aed3d068).html.
    10.1098/rspb.2020.0126
  14. Laszlo Talas; John G. Fennell; Karin Kjernsmo; Innes C. Cuthill; Nicholas E. Scott-Samuel; Roland J. Baddeley; Graziella Iossa. "CamoGAN: Evolving optimum camouflage with Generative Adversarial Networks". Methods in Ecology and Evolution (2020): https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.13334.
    10.1111/2041-210X.13334
  15. Karin Kjernsmo; Heather M Whitney; Nicholas Scott-Samuel; Jo Hall; Henry Knowles; Laszlo Talas; Innes C Cuthill. "Iridescence as Camouflage". Current Biology 30 3 (2020): 551-555.e3. https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/iridescence-as-camouflage(6fd77b89-8c54-4d62-b628-32d615645115).html.
    10.1016/j.cub.2019.12.013
  16. Ioan E. Smart; Innes C. Cuthill; Nicholas E. Scott-Samuel. "In the corner of the eye: camouflaging motion in the peripheral visual field". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences (2020): https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2019.2537.
    10.1098/rspb.2019.2537
  17. J. Benito Wainwright; Nicholas E. Scott-Samuel; Innes C. Cuthill. "Overcoming the detectability costs of symmetrical coloration". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences (2020): https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2019.2664.
    10.1098/rspb.2019.2664
  18. Innes C. Cuthill; Samuel R. Matchette; Nicholas Scott-Samuel. "Camouflage in a dynamic world". Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences 30 (2019): 109-115. https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/camouflage-in-a-dynamic-world(1a450c39-c241-4ba8-b9fb-f635cb1e11c7).html.
    10.1016/j.cobeha.2019.07.007
  19. Samuel Matchette; Innes Cuthill; Nicholas Scott-Samuel. "Dappled light disrupts prey detection by masking movement". Animal Behaviour 155 (2019): 89-95. https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/dappled-light-disrupts-prey-detection-by-masking-movement(f358137b-bece-4439-8afd-21d931d8cea1).html.
    10.1016/j.anbehav.2019.07.006
  20. J. G. Fennell; L. Talas; R. J. Baddeley; I. C. Cuthill; N. E. Scott-Samuel. "Optimizing colour for camouflage and visibility using deep learning: the effects of the environment and the observer's visual system". Journal of The Royal Society Interface 16 154 (2019): 20190183-20190183. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2019.0183.
    10.1098/rsif.2019.0183
  21. David Troy; Angela S Attwood; Olivia M Maynard; Nicholas Scott-Samuel; Matthew Hickman; Andy Woods; Marcus Munafo. "Effect of glass shape on the pouring accuracy of liquid volume". PLoS ONE 13 10 (2018): https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/effect-of-glass-shape-on-the-pouring-accuracy-of-liquid-volume(4ea87d6c-26da-494d-9b7c-cb608722f9d9).html.
    10.1371/journal.pone.0204562
  22. Samuel R. Matchette; Innes C. Cuthill; Nicholas Scott-Samuel. "Concealment in a dynamic world". Animal Behaviour 143 (2018): 51-57. https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/concealment-in-a-dynamic-world(a5e6a898-5b9f-4c71-a5c4-778ba6f6fafd).html.
    10.1016/j.anbehav.2018.07.003
  23. Timothy N. Volonakis; Olivia E. Matthews; Eric Liggins; Roland J. Baddeley; Nicholas E. Scott-Samuel; Innes C. Cuthill. "Camouflage assessment: Machine and human". Computers in Industry 99 (2018): 173-182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compind.2018.03.013.
    10.1016/j.compind.2018.03.013
  24. James B. Barnett; Constantine Michalis; Nicholas Scott-Samuel; Innes C. Cuthill. "Distance-dependent defensive coloration in the poison frog Dendrobates tinctorius, Dendrobatidae". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 115 25 (2018): 6416-6421. https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/distancedependent-defensive-coloration-in-the-poison-frog-dendrobates-tinctorius-dendrobatidae(f9f021ea-b962-4c14-a676-309de6c98603).html.
    10.1073/pnas.1800826115
  25. Karin Kjernsmo; Jo Hall; Cara Doyle; Nadia Khuzayim; Innes Cuthill; Nicholas Scott-Samuel; Heather Whitney. "Iridescence impairs object recognition in bumblebees". Scientific Reports 8 1 (2018): https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/iridescence-impairs-object-recognition-in-bumblebees(55a50670-4174-44ec-853b-93ffbbdc5c23).html.
    10.1038/s41598-018-26571-6
  26. James, B. Barnett; Innes Cuthill; Nicholas Scott-Samuel. "Distance-dependent aposematism and camouflage in the cinnabar moth caterpillar (Tyria jacobaeae, Erebidae)". Royal Society Open Science 5 (2018): https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/distancedependent-aposematism-and-camouflage-in-the-cinnabar-moth-caterpillar-tyria-jacobaeae-erebidae(47067506-a676-40d3-b9d1-d61f63c8924d).html.
    10.1098/rsos.171396
  27. Nicholas E. Scott-Samuel; Hiroshi Ashida; P. George Lovell; Tim S. Meese; D. Samuel Schwarzkopf. "Stacking Chairs: Local Sense and Global Nonsense". i-Perception 9 1 (2018): 204166951775237-204166951775237. https://doi.org/10.1177/2041669517752372.
    10.1177/2041669517752372
  28. Constantine Michalis; Nicholas E. Scott-Samuel; David P. Gibson; Innes C. Cuthill. "Optimal background matching camouflage". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 284 1858 (2017): 20170709-20170709. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2017.0709.
    10.1098/rspb.2017.0709
  29. James Barnett; Innes Cuthill; Nicholas Scott-Samuel. "Distance-dependent pattern blending can camouflage salient aposematic signals". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 284 1858 (2017): https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/distancedependent-pattern-blending-can-camouflage-salient-aposematic-signals(f96f612d-288a-4f0f-b68d-865f38796cd0).html.
    10.5061/dryad.2h6nf
  30. Sami Merilaita; Nicholas Scott-Samuel; Innes Cuthill. "How camouflage works". Philosophical Transactions B: Biological Sciences 372 (2017): 20160341-20160341. https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/how-camouflage-works(4f4ea74b-ee08-4b99-b785-cc9713677ab6).html.
    10.1098/rstb.2016.0341
  31. Jo Hall; Roland Baddeley; Nicholas Scott-Samuel; Adam J Shohet; Innes Cuthill. "Camouflaging Moving Objects: Crypsis and Masquerade". Behavioral Ecology (2017): https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/camouflaging-moving-objects-crypsis-and-masquerade(c7b9c602-49cc-4fad-8412-fd07e218fdb9).html.
    10.1093/beheco/arx085
  32. David Troy; Angela Attwood; Olivia Maynard; Nicholas Scott-Samuel; Matthew Hickman; Theresa M Marteau; Marcus Munafo. "Effect of glass markings on drinking rate in social alcohol drinkers". European Journal of Public Health 27 2 (2017): 352-356. https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/effect-of-glass-markings-on-drinking-rate-in-social-alcohol-drinkers(a4b0fdd8-d35a-48b7-a631-8182fd7b4c56).html.
    10.1093/eurpub/ckw142
  33. James Barnett; Annabelle Redfern; Robin Bhattacharyya-Dickson; Olivia Clifton; Thomas Courty; Thien Ho; Annabel Hopes; et al. "Stripes for warning and stripes for hiding". Behavioral Ecology 28 2 (2017): 373-381. https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/stripes-for-warning-and-stripes-for-hiding(3f55a8f0-6f02-4ea6-8cbc-98384b58080b).html.
    10.1093/beheco/arw168
  34. Benedict G Hogan; Hanno Hildenbrandt; Nicholas Scott-Samuel; Innes Cuthill; Charlotte Hemelrijk. "The confusion effect when attacking simulated three-dimensional starling flocks". Royal Society Open Science 4 1 (2017): https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/the-confusion-effect-when-attacking-simulated-threedimensional-starling-flocks(2440b29e-2a0d-4b85-9747-a354872c7642).html.
    10.1098/rsos.160564
  35. Benedict Hogan; Innes Cuthill; Nicholas Scott-Samuel. "Dazzle camouflage and the confusion effect". Animal Behaviour 123 (2017): 349-353. https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/dazzle-camouflage-and-the-confusion-effect(a95ff461-294b-4eda-9922-9a16afd3a4c9).html.
    10.1016/j.anbehav.2016.11.022
  36. Benedict G Hogan; Innes C Cuthill; Nicholas Scott-Samuel. "Dazzle camouflage, target tracking, and the confusion effect". Behavioral Ecology 27 5 (2016): 1547-1551. https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/dazzle-camouflage-target-tracking-and-the-confusion-effect(3ac7e166-149a-494e-aead-a9d93392b441).html.
    10.1093/beheco/arw081
  37. Jim B Barnett; Nicholas Scott-Samuel; Innes C Cuthill. "Aposematism". Biology Letters 12 8 (2016): https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/aposematism(476bacff-6282-402a-b7e0-052a5fe12d84).html.
    10.1098/rsbl.2016.0335
  38. Benedict G Hogan; Nicholas Scott-Samuel; Innes C Cuthill. "Contrast, contours and the confusion effect in dazzle camouflage". Royal Society Open Science 3 (2016): https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/contrast-contours-and-the-confusion-effect-in-dazzle-camouflage(1f001259-61ef-427c-b8a4-9791172c9d71).html.
    10.1098/rsos.160180
  39. Marco Bertamini; Michele Zito; Nicholas Scott-Samuel; Johan Hulleman. "Spatial clustering and its effect on perceived clustering, numerosity, and dispersion". Attention, Perception, and Psychophysics 78 5 (2016): 1460-1471. https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/spatial-clustering-and-its-effect-on-perceived-clustering-numerosity-and-dispersion(a6e95696-7450-444a-88cb-e2d4f1d16c12).html.
    10.3758/s13414-016-1100-0
  40. Jo Hall; Innes C Cuthill; Roland J Baddeley; Angela S Attwood; Marcus Munafo; Nicholas Scott-Samuel. "Dynamic Dazzle Distorts Speed Perception". PLoS ONE 11 5 (2016): https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/dynamic-dazzle-distorts-speed-perception(4c5f6743-12d5-4d99-b6d8-966761f91131).html.
    10.1371/journal.pone.0155162
  41. Christopher Benton; Martin Thirkettle; Nicholas Scott-Samuel. "Biological movement and the encoding of its motion and orientation". Scientific Reports 6 (2016): https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/biological-movement-and-the-encoding-of-its-motion-and-orientation(2117916e-14c4-4055-b5df-865ba76d4426).html.
    10.1038/srep22393
  42. Rachel Pechey; Angela S Attwood; Dominique-Laurent Couturier; Marcus Munafo; Nicholas Scott-Samuel; Andy T Woods; Theresa M. Marteau. "Does Glass Size and Shape Influence Judgements of the Volume of Wine?". PLoS ONE 10 12 (2015): https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/does-glass-size-and-shape-influence-judgements-of-the-volume-of-wine(d6fcbb04-6d92-45a3-a310-8ff75aa4e554).html.
    10.1371/journal.pone.0144536
  43. Shelby Temple; Juliette E McGregor; Camilla Miles; Laura Graham; Josie Miller; Jordan Buck; Nicholas Scott-Samuel; Nicholas W. Roberts. "Perceiving polarization with the naked eye". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 282 1811 (2015): https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/perceiving-polarization-with-the-naked-eye(0b08e51a-07c9-4cee-983c-f438814a4c8d).html.
    10.1098/rspb.2015.0338
  44. Nicholas Scott-Samuel; Gavin Holmes; Roland Baddeley; Innes C. Cuthill. "Moving in groups". Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 69 6 (2015): 867-872. https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/moving-in-groups(fd034eee-9556-40ec-9727-e5e4aaaff010).html.
    10.1007/s00265-015-1885-1
  45. Nicholas Scott-Samuel; Gavin Holmes; Roland Baddeley; Innes C. Cuthill. "Erratum to: Moving in groups: how density and unpredictable motion affect predation risk". Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 69 6 (2015): 1065-1065. https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/erratum-to-moving-in-groups-how-density-and-unpredictable-motion-affect-predation-risk(fc11a315-3f17-4662-ac3b-299dd742e7f8).html.
    10.1007/s00265-015-1925-x
  46. Nicholas Scott-Samuel; Hiroshi Ashida. "Motion influences the perception of background lightness". i-Perception 5 1 (2014): 41-49. https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/motion-influences-the-perception-of-background-lightness(66d33abb-0c05-453a-a0b1-06c943e5f207).html.
  47. Will L Allen; Roland J Baddeley; Nicholas Scott-Samuel; Innes C Cuthill. "The evolution and function of pattern diversity in snakes". Behavioral Ecology 24 5 (2013): 1237-1250. https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/the-evolution-and-function-of-pattern-diversity-in-snakes(08187aa4-e37f-47da-a9f3-1ab62aef72e7).html.
  48. Jo Hall; Innes C Cuthill; Roland J Baddeley; Adam J Shohet; Nicholas Scott-Samuel. "Camouflage, detection and identification of moving targets". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 280 1758 (2013): 1-7. https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/camouflage-detection-and-identification-of-moving-targets(4d2e028b-68c7-41dc-84aa-d6d505733453).html.
    10.1098/rspb.2013.0064
  49. Will L Allen; Roland J Baddeley; Innes C Cuthill; Nicholas Scott-Samuel. "A quantitative test of the predicted relationship between countershading and lighting environment.". American Naturalist 180 6 (2012): 762-776. https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/a-quantitative-test-of-the-predicted-relationship-between-countershading-and-lighting-environment(d98e9953-83af-4977-80b5-eb94993bafd2).html.
    10.1086/668011
  50. Angela S. Attwood; Nicholas Scott-Samuel; George Stothart; Marcus Munafo. "Glass shape influences consumption rate for alcoholic beverages". PLoS ONE 7 8 (2012): https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/glass-shape-influences-consumption-rate-for-alcoholic-beverages(35c18e06-d891-48fa-988c-faa5842fb92d).html.
    10.1371/journal.pone.0043007
  51. Nicholas Scott-Samuel; RJ Baddeley; CE Palmer; IC Cuthill. "Dazzle camouflage affects speed perception". PLoS ONE 6 6 (2011): 1-5. https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/dazzle-camouflage-affects-speed-perception(e765c22f-7dda-461e-9608-6e8ca0191b68).html.
    10.1371/journal.pone.0020233
  52. W.L Allen; I.C Cuthill; Nicholas Scott-Samuel; R.J Baddeley. "Why the leopard got its spots: relating pattern development to ecology in felids". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 278 (2011): 1373-1380. https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/why-the-leopard-got-its-spots-relating-pattern-development-to-ecology-in-felids(4a734b46-946a-4d88-9c1a-f852237dd5dc).html.
    10.1098/rspb.2010.1734
  53. MJ Thirkettle; Nicholas Scott-Samuel; Christopher Benton. "Form overshadows ‘opponent motion’ information in processing of biological motion from point light walker stimuli". Vision Research 50 (2010): 118-126. https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/form-overshadows-opponent-motion-information-in-processing-of-biological-motion-from-point-light-walker-stimuli(e4cb7cc4-51ca-4eac-aa06-e9584d48349b).html.
    10.1016/j.visres.2009.10.021
  54. MJ Thirkettle; Christopher Benton; Nicholas Scott-Samuel. "Contributions of form, motion and task to biological motion perception". Journal of Vision 9 3 (2009): 1-11. https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/contributions-of-form-motion-and-task-to-biological-motion-perception(37ff448b-da37-40da-836a-84708d903ce1).html.
    10.1167/9.3.28
  55. JM Brunstrom; NG Shakeshaft; Nicholas Scott-Samuel. "Measuring ‘expected satiety’ in a range of common foods using a method of constant stimuli". Appetite 51 (2008): 604-614. https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/measuring-expected-satiety-in-a-range-of-common-foods-using-a-method-of-constant-stimuli(f18901c6-c4e8-42fd-b444-1177713a0882).html.
    10.1016/j.appet.2008.04.017
  56. JM Wallace; Nicholas Scott-Samuel. "Spatial versus temporal grouping in a modified Ternus display". Vision Research 47 (2007): 2353-2366. https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/spatial-versus-temporal-grouping-in-a-modified-ternus-display(000b35ca-bc6b-4c90-8b20-c9526ae334b8).html.
    10.1016/j.visres.2007.05.016
  57. A Correani; Nicholas Scott-Samuel; U Leonards. "Luminosity - a perceptual "feature" of light-emitting objects". Vision Research 46 (2006): 3915-3925. https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/luminosity--a-perceptual-feature-of-lightemitting-objects(09f7070c-83b1-49b5-adf0-906c7ae36245).html.
    10.1016/j.visres.2006.05.001
  58. U Leonards; Nicholas Scott-Samuel. "Idiosyncratic initiation of saccadic face exploration in humans". Vision Research 45 (2005): 2677-2684. https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/idiosyncratic-initiation-of-saccadic-face-exploration-in-humans(e4338bab-721d-458a-bb54-50f71fa02e04).html.
    10.1016/j.visres.2005.03.009
  59. SJM Rainville; WL Makous; Nicholas Scott-Samuel. "Opponent-motion mechanisms are self-normalizing". Vision Research 45 (2005): 1115-1127. https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/opponentmotion-mechanisms-are-selfnormalizing(a343b8d1-c91a-4f26-bbeb-0d44102cd896).html.
    10.1016/j.visres.2004.10.018
  60. Nicholas Scott-Samuel. "Differences and similarities in short- and long-range motion processing". Journal of Vision 3 9 (2003): https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/differences-and-similarities-in-short-and-longrange-motion-processing(2c83b21e-ec3f-47b6-b8be-9c3d0f826f28).html.
    10.1167/3.9.783
  61. Nicholas Scott-Samuel; RF Hess. "Orientation sensitivity in human visual motion processing". Vision Research 42 (2002): 613-620. https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/orientation-sensitivity-in-human-visual-motion-processing(0616d38e-1e6b-4b92-b2b0-d63257d6f86c).html.
    10.1016/S0042-6989(01)00275-9
  62. SJM Rainville; Nicholas Scott-Samuel; WL Makous. "The spatial tuning of opponent-motion normalization". Vision Research 42 (2002): 1727-1738. https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/the-spatial-tuning-of-opponentmotion-normalization(54a332e8-266c-4711-8e79-78ade13cb6c5).html.
    10.1016/S0042-6989(02)00108-6
  63. Andrew T Smith; Nicholas Scott-Samuel. "First-order and second-order signals combine to improve perceptual accuracy". Journal of the Optical Society of America A 18 (2001): 2267-2272. https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/firstorder-and-secondorder-signals-combine-to-improve-perceptual-accuracy(a9f362e4-5bbc-4976-9add-0ef95e3e9c84).html.
    10.1364/JOSAA.18.002267
  64. Nicholas Scott-Samuel; RF Hess. "What does the Ternus display tell us about motion processing in human vision?". PERCEPTION 30 (2001): 1179-1188. https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/what-does-the-ternus-display-tell-us-about-motion-processing-in-human-vision(8f04bdea-2788-48e1-ae25-5b3f8d09118b).html.
    10.1068/p3247
  65. MA Georgeson; Nicholas Scott-Samuel. "Spatial resolution and receptive field height of motion sensors in human vision". Vision Research 40 (2000): 745-758. https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/spatial-resolution-and-receptive-field-height-of-motion-sensors-in-human-vision(5fd6adf8-c10f-4a66-bd9c-1ad3b87c5f69).html.
    10.1016/S0042-6989(99)00219-9
  66. AT Smith; Nicholas Scott-Samuel; KD Singh. "Global motion adaptation". Vision Research 40 (2000): 1069-1075. https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/global-motion-adaptation(00d82775-0811-479f-b538-312d33c54fda).html.
    10.1016/S0042-6989(00)00014-6
  67. Nicholas Scott-Samuel; Andrew T Smith. "No local cancellation between directionally opposed first-order and second-order motion signals". Vision Research 40 (2000): 3495-3500. https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/no-local-cancellation-between-directionally-opposed-firstorder-and-secondorder-motion-signals(63be7287-0848-48ee-a958-64aa1c9fe02d).html.
    10.1016/S0042-6989(00)00172-3
  68. Nicholas Scott-Samuel; Mark A Georgeson. "Feature matching and segmentation in motion perception". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 266 1435 (1999): 2289-2294. https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/feature-matching-and-segmentation-in-motion-perception(e29c6690-2c40-46b8-97e5-19361f43bc8a).html.
    10.1098/rspb.1999.0921
  69. Nicholas Scott-Samuel; MA Georgeson. "Does early non-linearity account for second-order motion?". Vision Research 39 (1999): 2853-2865. https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/does-early-nonlinearity-account-for-secondorder-motion(1dcaa8cc-f8b4-4869-98f7-5e7d849b4b30).html.
    10.1016/S0042-6989(98)00316-2
  70. MA Georgeson; Nicholas Scott-Samuel. "Motion contrast: A new metric for direction discrimination". Vision Research 39 (1999): 4393-4402. https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/motion-contrast-a-new-metric-for-direction-discrimination(f9059190-9a09-43fc-870c-19fb76bd869a).html.
    10.1016/S0042-6989(99)00147-9
  71. AT Smith; Nicholas Scott-Samuel. "Stereoscopic and contrast-defined motion in human vision". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 265 1405 (1998): 1573-1581. https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/stereoscopic-and-contrastdefined-motion-in-human-vision(c8d85fd5-711b-453b-9a14-1e2598a02cd1).html.
    10.1098/rspb.1998.0474
  72. Nicholas Scott-Samuel; M. A. Georgeson. "Breaking up is never easy". Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science 38 4 (1997): https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/breaking-up-is-never-easy(a6ce13f1-aed9-4124-b458-a999af7bc1dd).html.
  73. MA Georgeson; TCA Freeman; Nicholas Scott-Samuel. "Sub-pixel accuracy: psychophysical validation of an algorithm for fine positioning and movement of dots on visual displays". Vision Research 36 (1996): 605-612. https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/subpixel-accuracy-psychophysical-validation-of-an-algorithm-for-fine-positioning-and-movement-of-dots-on-visual-displays(ba246302-4086-45a2-a36e-2eabdca918f9).html.
    10.1016/0042-6989(96)89253-4
Working paper
  1. Angela Attwood; L Zhaoping; Christopher J. Stone; Jasmina Stevanov; Nicholas E. Scott-Samuel; Olivia M Maynard; Marcus Munafo. 2018. "Study protocol: Effects of acute alcohol consumption on visual processing: attenuating top-down interference of object recognition". https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/6966160a-727b-4143-964d-c9ac3c59f899.
    DOI:10.17605/OSF.IO/FRAC4

Other

Other output
  1. The Camouflage Machine: Optimising protective colouration using deep learning with genetic algorithms. 2020. J. G. Fennell; L. Talas; R. J. Baddeley; I. C. Cuthill; N. E. Scott-Samuel. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.01.12.903484.
    10.1101/2020.01.12.903484
  2. Evolving optimum camouflage with Generative Adversarial Networks. 2018. Laszlo Talas; John G. Fennell; Karin Kjernsmo; Innes C. Cuthill; Nicholas E. Scott-Samuel; Roland J. Baddeley. https://doi.org/10.1101/429092.
    10.1101/429092
  3. Eye tracking of pump rooms (Bath, U.K.). 2010. R Fearns; Nicholas Scott-Samuel; U Leonards. https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/eye-tracking-of-pump-rooms-bath-uk(4ed25401-29ab-4f18-8107-2c012bca5d03).html.
  4. Motion perception in autism spectrum disorder. We'll move forward once the data become more coherent. 2005. Christopher Jarrold; Nicholas Scott-Samuel. https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/motion-perception-in-autism-spectrum-disorder(26723659-16da-4626-94ec-597bb97675cf).html.
Activities

Oral presentation

Presentation title Event name
Host (Event location)
2020 Invited talks: Abertay University, Armoured Trials and Development Unit, Aston University, ATR Labs Kyoto (Japan), BAE Systems, ECVP Alghero, Italy (Symposium speaker), Kanazawa Institute of Technology (Japan), Kyoto University (Japan), Loughborough University, Oxford Brookes University, QinetiQ, Roehampton University, Royal Holloway University of London, Swansea University, UCL, University of Birmingham, University of Exeter, University of Giessen (Germany), University of Glasgow, University of Melbourne (Australia), University of Nottingham, Univ

Jury of academic degree

Topic
Role 		Candidate name (Type of degree)
Institution / Organization
2019 Psychology, University of Nottingham, UK one candidate (PhD)
2018 Psychology, University of Cambridge, UK one candidate (PhD)
2018 Psychology, Macquarie University, Australia one candidate (PhD)
2018 Psychology, University College London, UK one candidate (PhD)
2017 Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, UK one candidate (PhD)
2017 Optometry, University of Bradford, UK one candidate (PhD)
2016 Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol, UK (twice) two candidates (PhD)

Conference scientific committee

Conference name Conference host
2018 - Current CamoCon 2018
2015 - Current AVA Animal Vision / CamoCon 2015
2013 - Current CamoCon 2013
2011 - Current AVA 2001
2004 - Current European Conference on Visual Perception

Evaluation committee

Activity description
Role 		Institution / Organization Funding entity
2012 - Current Review of "Ship shape: a dazzle camouflage sourcebook". Ed. RR Behrens. Perception, 41, 1411-1413.
1999 - Current Review of "Vision research: a practical guide to laboratory methods". Eds. RHS Carpenter and JG Robson. Perception, 28, 1305-1306.

Interview (newspaper / magazine)

Activity description Newspaper / Forum
2020 Extensive national and international press coverage of research (e.g. Allen et al., 2011, 2012; Scott-Samuel et al., 2011; Attwood et al., 2012; Hogan et al., 2017; Scott-Samuel et al., 2018; Barnett et al., 2018; Wainwright et al., 2020; Kjernsmo et al., 2020): reported by (amongst others) tabloid and broadsheet newspapers, The Economist, the BBC, Time Magazine, Heart FM, The Week, NBC News, Science, Nature, New Scientist, Scientific American, National Geographic, NHS News, Ozy Magazine, BBC Wildlife Magazine, Discover Magazine, PNAS.

Interview (tv / radio show)

Program Topic
2020 - Current Consulting for Bang Goes the Theory, BBC television programme. Appearances on The One Show and Coast, BBC television programmes. and more e.g: Scott-Samuel et al. (2011) highlighted on BBC iWonder website <http://www.bbc.co.uk/guides/zty8tfr#zxy8tfr>. Atwood et al., (2012) featured in the Summer 2013 issue of MRC Network Magazine. <http://www.mrc.ac.uk/consumption/groups/public/documents/content/mrc009177.pdf>.

Journal scientific committee

Journal title (ISSN) Publisher
1987 - 2020 Advances in Cognitive Psychology, Animal Behaviour, Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, Biology Letters, Current Biology, Current Zoology, Evolution Letters, Evolutionary Biology, i-Perception, Journal of Experimental Psychology and more.

Other jury / evaluation

Activity description Institution / Organization
2020 - Current • As PI and co-PI, I administer(ed) research council grants and industrial awards, which involves acting as research group leader for the projects. • My public engagement work includes schools talks, participation in Science Alive! and Brain Awareness Week, and Illuminate Bath 2010: “Eye Tracking”, an artistic collaboration with Rob Fearns & Ute Leonards <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b7Iu5TmSjNg>. • I have established and maintained (QinetiQ, CTC, DSTL, BAE Systems, Folium Optics, Malvern Optics) working relationships with industry.