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Ana Carina S. Franco is a researcher and policy analyst with international professional experience in Sub-Saharan Africa, Afghanistan, the Middle East and Europe. She has over a decade of experience as an expert on peace and conflict, security, democratic governance and forced migration with international organisations (EU, UN), having conducted numerous assignments consisting of evaluation, analysis and policy-oriented research. She has previous direct experience with international NGOs and EU's Common Security and Defence Policy. Ana Carina was awarded a PhD in International Relations by NOVA University of Lisbon in 2025. Her doctoral thesis focused on EU’s external action in peacebuilding and statebuilding in Africa. This work culminated in a monograph entitled 'Shaping the Interventionary Order. The European Union’s Stabilisation Role in Somalia and Mali', forthcoming with Palgrave Macmillan (2026). She has been a professor and invited lecturer at academic institutions, co-supervisor and examiner of MSc thesis, speaker at scientific events and author of peer-reviewed publications on topics related to peace and conflict studies, post-liberalism, salafi-jihadism, security assistance and external interventions.
Identification

Personal identification

Full name
Ana Carina Santos Franco

Citation names

  • Franco, Ana Carina S.
  • Franco, Ana Carina
  • Ana Carina Santos Franco

Author identifiers

Ciência ID
E01D-7967-1D7C
ORCID iD
0000-0002-4961-3241

Email addresses

  • afranco@fcsh.unl.pt (Professional)

Languages

Language Speaking Reading Writing Listening Peer-review
Portuguese (Mother tongue)
English Proficiency (C2) Proficiency (C2) Proficiency (C2) Proficiency (C2)
French Proficiency (C2) Proficiency (C2) Proficiency (C2) Proficiency (C2)
Spanish; Castilian Advanced (C1) Proficiency (C2) Advanced (C1) Proficiency (C2)
Education
Degree Classification
2026/02/18 - 2026/03/20
Concluded
Microcredential Digital Education for Professors (Outros)
Universidade Europeia, Portugal
19
2019/09 - 2025/04
Concluded
International Relations (Doutoramento)
Major in Political Area Studies
Universidade Nova de Lisboa Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Portugal
"European Union's External Action in Peace- and State-building. Comparative Study Somalia-Mali (2006-2022) " (THESIS/DISSERTATION)
Muito bom por unanimidade / Very good by unanimity
2021/09/13 - 2021/09/24
Concluded
African Studies Course (Outros)
Instituto Universitário Militar, Portugal
2017/05/04 - 2017/05/13
Concluded
Specialised Training Course for Short-Term Observers (Diploma de especialização)
Universidade de Lisboa Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas, Portugal
2014/07/07 - 2014/07/28
Concluded
International Summer School in Forced Migration (Outros)
University of Oxford Refugee Studies Centre, United Kingdom
2005/09/15 - 2007/01/29
Concluded
Political and Social Sciences - International Relations (DEA)
Major in Geopolitics and Conflict Resolution
Université catholique de Louvain, Belgium
2000/10/01 - 2004/07/30
Concluded
Political Science and International Relations (Licenciatura)
Major in International Relations
Universidade Nova de Lisboa Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Portugal
1998/10/01 - 2000/09/30
Attended
Communication Sciences (Licenciatura)
Universidade Nova de Lisboa Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Portugal
Affiliation

Science

Category
Host institution
Employer
2022/02/01 - Current Researcher (Research) Universidade Nova de Lisboa Instituto Português de Relações Internacionais, Portugal
Universidade Nova de Lisboa Instituto Português de Relações Internacionais, Portugal

Teaching in Higher Education

Category
Host institution
Employer
2026 - 2026 Assistant Professor (University Teacher) Instituto Piaget, Portugal
Instituto Superior de Estudos Interculturais e Transdisciplinares de Viseu, Portugal
2022/10/01 - 2023/05/31 Lecturer (University Teacher) Universidade Nova de Lisboa Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Portugal

Others

Category
Host institution
Employer
2013 - 2025 Consulting/ External Expert European Commission, Belgium
2021 - 2021 Consultant (Evaluator) UN Refugee Agency, Switzerland
2018/11/01 - 2019/07/15 Reporting Officer / Head of Analysis and Report a.i. European External Action Service, Belgium
EUCAP Somalia, Somalia
2018/03/19 - 2018/07/31 Desk Grant Manager Handicap International Quénia, Kenya
2015/05/04 - 2015/12/18 Project Manager CESO Development Consultants, Portugal
2014/01/08 - 2015/01/05 Project Coordinator International Rescue Committee Mali, Mali
2014/04/06 - 2014/06/30 Consultant (Programme Manager) InterSOS - Mali, Mali
2014/01/17 - 2014/02/16 Consultant (Grant Manager) Danish Refugee Council Turquia, Turkey
2013/07/15 - 2013/09/30 Grants Officer a.i. International Rescue Committee UK, United Kingdom
2013/02/11 - 2013/04/17 Emergency Grants Coordinator International Rescue Committe RD Congo, Congo - Kinshasa
2011/06/12 - 2012/12/08 Grants Coordinator International Rescue Committee Côte d'Ivoire, Côte d’Ivoire
2010/07/26 - 2011/05/20 Grant Manager Mission d'Aide au Développement des Economies Rurales en Afghanistan, Afghanistan
2009/08/02 - 2010/08/01 Grants Coordinator WWF Madagascar, Madagascar
2008/09/01 - 2009/02/28 Project Manager Euronet Consulting EEIG, Belgium
2007/02/02 - 2008/08/28 Project Manager Soges S.p.A., Belgium
2004/02/16 - 2004/04/16 Intern Embassy of Portugal in France, France
Outputs

Publications

Book
  1. Franco, Ana Carina S.. Corresponding author: Franco, Ana Carina S.. Shaping the Interventionary Order. The European Union's Stabilisation Role in Somalia and Mali. Palgrave Macmillan. 2026.
    In press
Book review
  1. Franco, Ana Carina S.. Corresponding author: Franco, Ana Carina S.. "The Afghan-Pakistani Borderland at the Confluence of Pashtun Identity, Statehood, and Religiosity". Review of The Pashtun Borderland: A Religious and Cultural History of the Taliban (2026):
    In press
  2. Ana Carina S. Franco. "A promoção da segurança humana na (zona cinzenta da) estabilização". (2023): http://dx.doi.org/10.23906/ri2023.80r02.
    10.23906/ri2023.80r02
  3. Ana Carina S. Franco. "Are Borderlands More Violent? A Spatial Analysis of Border Dis (Orders) in North and West Africa". (2023): https://doi.org/10.1080/08865655.2023.2249929.
    10.1080/08865655.2023.2249929
  4. Franco, Carina. "On Statehood and Sovereignty - Towards a Critical Appraisal of State Formation and International Statebuilding". (2022): https://doi.org/10.1080/17502977.2022.2090141.
    10.1080/17502977.2022.2090141
Journal article
  1. Franco, Ana Carina S.. "Da Intervenção Internacional à Queda de Cabul: Estado, Insurgência e Jihadismo no Afeganistão". Revista Militar 2691 (2026):
    Open access • Published
  2. Agonafir, Chalachew; S. Franco, Ana Carina. "A influência da governança tradicional na paz e na gestão ambiental nas comunidades pastorais do Afeganistão". Relações Internacionais 88 (2025): 115-132. https://ipri.unl.pt/images/publicacoes/revista_ri/pdf/RI88/RI_88_Chalachew_Agonafir_Ana_Carina_SFranco.pdf.
    Published • 10.23906/ri2025.88a08
  3. Ana Carina Santos Franco; Luís Manuel Brás Bernardino. "The contribution of the European Union’s Common Security and Defence Policy to a peace enforcement partnership in Mozambique". South African Journal of International Affairs (2025): http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10220461.2025.2548777.
    10.1080/10220461.2025.2548777
  4. Franco, Ana Carina S.; Ajú, Miguel Mbiavanga. "Response to the Somali and Malian Jihadist Movements: What Lessons for Mozambique? | Resposta aos Movimentos Jihadistas Somali e Mali: Que Lições para Moçambique?". (2022): https://doi.org/10.33167/2184-2078.RPCP2022.17/pp.91-105.
    https://doi.org/10.33167/2184-2078.RPCP2022.17/pp.91-105
  5. Franco, Ana Carina. "External interventions in Mali and its borderlands: a case for stabilisation". JANUS NET e-journal of International Relation 12 2 (2021): https://doi.org/10.26619/1647-7251.12.2.6.
    Open access • Published • 10.26619/1647-7251.12.2.6
Journal issue
  1. Franco, Ana Carina S.. "O Sahel Contemporâneo". Cadernos de Estudos Africanos 52 (2026):
    Under revision • Invited editor
Report
  1. Franco, Ana Carina. 2023. Evaluation of the EU cooperation with the Federal Republic of Somalia (2014-2021). https://international-partnerships.ec.europa.eu/publications-library/evaluation-eu-cooperation-federal-republic-somalia-2014-2021_en.
  2. Franco, Ana Carina S.. 2022. Multi-Country Strategic Evaluation of UNHCR's Operations in Northern Europe (Nordic and Baltic Countries). https://www.unhcr.org/asia/media/es-2022-07-multi-country-strategic-evaluation-unhcrs-operations-northern-europe-nordic-and.
  3. Franco, Ana Carina S.. 2017. External Evaluation of the Instrument contributing to Stability and Peace (2014 - mid 2017). https://ec.europa.eu/fpi/sites/fpi/files/documents/icsp-mte-final-report.pdf.
  4. Franco, Ana Carina S.. 2014. Evaluation of the Instrument for Stability Crisis Preparedness Component (2007- 2013). https://ec.europa.eu/fpi/sites/fpi/files/documents/pbp_evaluation_2014_report_en.pdf.
Activities

Oral presentation

Presentation title Event name
Host (Event location)
2025/11/06 Panel presentation on transformations in foreign policy in the Sahel Les marges de l’État. Recompositions sociales, politiques et économiques au Sahel
CERI-SciencesPo (Paris, France)
2024 EU’s Military Training Missions in Africa: The case of EUTM Mozambique 12th Biennial Conference of the SGEU/ECPR
Universidade Nova de Lisboa (Lisboa, Portugal)
2023/05/12 The Role of the European Union in Peace and State-Building in Somalia Europe as a Global Actor - EGA
ISCTE (Lisboa, Portugal)
2021/07/11 Instability in the Sahel: Intersections between Peacebuilding, Peacekeeping and Peace Enforcement 26th World Congress of Political Science
International Political Science Association (IPSA)

Supervision

Thesis Title
Role
Degree Subject (Type)
Institution / Organization
2024 - 2026 No Woman’s Land: Redefining Forced Migration through a Gender Perspective in Afghanistan
Co-supervisor
Mestrado em Ciência Política e Relações Internacionais (Master)
Universidade Nova de Lisboa Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Portugal
2023 - 2025 O Mali e os Pedidos de Intervenção Militar Externa por Convite de 2013 e 2021
Co-supervisor
Mestrado em Ciência Política e Relações Internacionais (Master)
Universidade Nova de Lisboa Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Portugal

Event participation

Activity description
Type of event
Event name
Institution / Organization
2025/12/04 - 2025/12/04 Debate on EU-Africa relations following the Luanda summit in November 2025
Round table
ISCTE-Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, Portugal
2024/05 - 2024/05 Panel moderator at the invitation of the General Secretariat of the Ministry of Internal Affairs
Seminar
Mulheres MAI em Prol da Paz e Segurança.
Governo da República Portuguesa Ministério da Administração Interna, Portugal
2024 - 2024 Panel Chair - EU's Peace Support in Africa: the civilian and military approach
Conference
12th Biennial Conference of the SGEU/ECPR
European Consortium for Political Research, United Kingdom
2023/07/03 - 2023/07/03 The Strategic Importance of Somalia
Other
Speed Talk
Clube de Lisboa, Portugal
2021/12/17 - 2022/12/31 Latest developments and implications of peace and conflict in Africa through the Global Peace Index 2022; Global Security: Opportunities and Challenges for Africa; Terrorism in Cabo Delgado. Consequences for security in Mozambique and beyond - Africa Sessions (online)
Seminar
Global Strategic Platform, United States
2022 - 2022 Online rountable on implications of the conflict between Russia and Ukraine for the African continent
Round table
The Conflict between Russia and Ukraine: Threats and Opportunities for Africa
Instituto Superior Politécnico Sol Nascente, Angola

Jury of academic degree

Topic
Role
Candidate name (Type of degree)
Institution / Organization
2025/12/15 Understanding the use of Private Military and Security Companies in Mali, Burkina Faso and Niger
(Thesis) Arguer
Victoria Cedermark (Master)
ISCTE-Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, Portugal

Consulting

Activity description Institution / Organization
2013 - 2025 Selected assignments: Internal review of European Union (EU)’s role in peace mediation; evaluations of EU’s cooperation with Nigeria and Somalia; final evaluation of the European Resources for Mediation Support facility; evaluation of P/CVE programmes; evaluation of CBSD initiative under the Instrument contributing to Stability and Peace (IcSP); evaluation of IcSP-funded stabilisation projects in CAR; mid-term review of the IcSP; final evaluation of EU's Instrument for Stability Crisis Preparedness component. European Commission, Belgium

Interview (newspaper / magazine)

Activity description Newspaper / Forum
2026/05/06 Interview for press article on the events in Mali in April 2026. Expresso
2026/03/23 Interview for article on the role of the European Union in peace and security in the African context. Expresso
2025/11/22 European Union (EU)-Africa relations in preparation for the EU-African Union Summit Lusa Notícias
2025/08/15 Interview for article on impact of the 'Fall of Kabul' (2021) on the Sahel and the crisis of liberal interventionism Expresso
2025/07 Interview for article about the expansion of JNIM in the Sahel and West Africa Expresso
2023/08/04 Interview for article about the 2023 military coup in Niger Expresso
2022/05/25 Commentary for article 'European Union did not cause a fundamental transformation in the Sahel' Lusa.pt

Interview (tv / radio show)

Program Topic
2026/05/12 - 2026/05/12 Ciclo de Debates - África e os Desafios Globais (RDP África / Clube de Lisboa) Inequalities and Power
2025/11/06 - 2025/11/06 Mapa Mundo Security in West Africa (Mali, Nigeria)
2025/03 - 2025/03 Causa e Efeito Terrorism in Africa
2024/12 - 2024/12 Mapa Mundo Africa in 2024
2024/06 - 2024/06 Causa e Efeito Visit of the Russian Foreign Minister to Africa and South Korea-Africa Summit
2024/04 - 2024/04 Academycamente State and Security in Africa
2023/08/14 - 2023/08/14 Podcast 'O Mundo a seus pés' The coup d'état in Niger
2023/06/23 - 2023/06/23 Causa e Efeito Constitutional Referendum in Mali
2022/10/28 - 2022/10/28 Causa e Efeito Peace and Security in Africa
2022/08/19 - 2022/08/19 Causa e Efeito The impact of the crisis in Mali on the Sahel region

Other jury / evaluation

Activity description Institution / Organization
2026/07/09 - Current PhD project examiner - Samuel Griffith, “French Military Interventions in Mali and the Reshaping of Insecurity (2013-2023)" Instituto para o Desenvolvimento da Gestão Empresarial do ISCTE, Portugal
Distinctions

Other distinction

2019 Common Security and Defence Policy Service Medal
European External Action Service, Belgium